Conditions: Hepatoblastoma; Hepatic Hemangioendothelioma
Intervention: Diagnostic Test: Radiomic Algorithm
Sponsor: West China Hospital
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Acinar Cell Carcinoma
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Ampulla Of Vater
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Brain and CNS
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Carcinoid
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Endocrine/Neuroendocrine
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Gall Bladder Cancer
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Hemangioendothelioma
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Hepatoblastoma
(47 unread)
Pancreas
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Phyllodes
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PMP and Mucinous Tumors
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Rhabdomyosarcoma
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Sarcoma
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Hepatoblastoma (47 unread)
Trial - Hepatoblastoma
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Deep Learning Magnetic Resonance Imaging Radiomics for Diagnostic Value of Hepatic Tumors in Infants
Posted: December 24th, 2021, 3:00pm GMT
Google - Hepatoblastoma
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‘You Are The Real Superhero’: Songstress Ciara Surprises 6-Year-Old Cancer Survivor - Black America Web
Posted: January 8th, 2022, 12:48pm GMT
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‘You Are The Real Superhero’: Songstress Ciara Surprises 6-Year-Old Cancer Survivor - NewsOne
Posted: January 8th, 2022, 12:35pm GMT
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Ciara Surprises An Inspiring 6-Year-Old Cancer Survivor With A Disney World Vacation - Black Enterprise
Posted: January 6th, 2022, 3:15pm GMT
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The mechanism of oxygen-boosted sonodynamic therapy | IJN - Dove Medical Press
Posted: January 6th, 2022, 12:03pm GMT
The mechanism of oxygen-boosted sonodynamic therapy | IJN Dove Medical Press -
Brave schoolboy wins award after undergoing liver transplant - STV News
Posted: January 6th, 2022, 9:33am GMT
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Liver Cancer Therapeutics Market – Are you Planning to Invest, Read the Report to have a Clear Picture of the Market with Players – Jennerex Biotherapeutics Inc., and Celsion Corp. – Industrial IT - Industrial IT
Posted: January 6th, 2022, 9:20am GMT
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Distraught 34-Year-Old Mother Suspected Cancer, But Doctors Misdiagnosed Her 2-Year-Old Daughter With Appendicitis, Constipation - SurvivorNet
Posted: January 4th, 2022, 9:17pm GMT
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Distraught 34-Year-Old Mother Suspected Liver Cancer, But Doctors Misdiagnosed Her 2-Year-Old Daughter With Appendicitis, Constipation - SurvivorNet
Posted: January 4th, 2022, 9:17pm GMT
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Distraught 34-Year-Old Mother Suspected Liver Cancer, But Doctors Misdiagnosed Her 2-Year-Old Daughter With Appendicitis, Constipation - SurvivorNet
Posted: January 4th, 2022, 9:17pm GMT
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After long battle with cancer, two-year-old boy is free of disease and enjoying normal toddler life - Daily Mail
Posted: January 4th, 2022, 5:12pm GMT
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After long battle with cancer, two-year-old boy is free of disease and enjoying normal toddler life - Daily Mail
Posted: January 4th, 2022, 5:12pm GMT
- After long battle with cancer, two-year-old boy is free of disease and enjoying normal toddler life Daily Mail
- Two-year-old little superhero celebrates being cancer-free at end of chemo treatment The Mirror
- 2-year-old beats cancer after long treatment and moves the web; watching video brytfmonline.com
- Following a long battle with cancer, a two-year-old boy is now cancer-free and living a normal toddler life. Nokia News
- View Full Coverage on Google News
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Toddler misdiagnosed with constipation actually has rare liver cancer - Metro.co.uk
Posted: January 4th, 2022, 6:00am GMT
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A 6-year-old Viral Dancing Sensation Is Surprised with a Virtual Visit from Singer Ciara and a Trip to Disney after Beating Cancer; Understanding Childhood Cancer - SurvivorNet
Posted: January 3rd, 2022, 5:17pm GMT
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Mum shares the one wish of brave toddler daughter who is battling cancer - Birmingham Live
Posted: January 3rd, 2022, 3:30am GMT
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Liver Cancer Therapeutics Market Size 2021 Analysis by Top Companies, And Forecast to 2028 | ArQule,Bayer,Bristol-Myers Squibb,Celsion – Industrial IT - Industrial IT
Posted: December 30th, 2021, 5:46pm GMT
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ITV Christmas in the City: Michael Bublé’s model wife, son’s battle with cancer and their Croydon home - My London
Posted: December 24th, 2021, 11:00am GMT
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West Lothian schoolboy is honoured after courageous cancer battle - Daily Record
Posted: December 22nd, 2021, 11:32am GMT
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AFC Fylde reveal the devastating news that Danny Philliskirk's daughter has been diagnosed with cancer - Blackpool Gazette
Posted: December 21st, 2021, 6:02pm GMT
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Cross border NHL games postponed through holiday break - newsconcerns
Posted: December 19th, 2021, 8:43pm GMT
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Michael Bublé on son’s battle with deadly disease - newsconcerns
Posted: December 19th, 2021, 8:01pm GMT
Michael Bublé on son’s battle with deadly disease newsconcerns -
Fauci: Omicron Is ‘Raging Around The World’; U.S. Could See Record Cases - Verve Times
Posted: December 19th, 2021, 7:49pm GMT
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Michael Bublé on son's battle with deadly disease - 'it's so painful to talk about' - Daily Express
Posted: December 19th, 2021, 7:30pm GMT
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Michael Bublé Christmas in the City: How is his son after cancer battle? - Entertainment Daily
Posted: December 16th, 2021, 12:29pm GMT
Michael Bublé Christmas in the City: How is his son after cancer battle? Entertainment Daily -
How effective is AstraZeneca against Omicron? Why Oxford vaccine isn’t offered as booster - Daily Express
Posted: December 15th, 2021, 6:00am GMT
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Remembering Abigail Arias: Bells for Abigail - KPRC Click2Houston
Posted: November 5th, 2021, 5:00am GMT
Remembering Abigail Arias: Bells for Abigail KPRC Click2Houston -
Belding toddler completes treatment for rare liver cancer - Greenville Daily News
Posted: October 9th, 2021, 5:00am GMT
Belding toddler completes treatment for rare liver cancer Greenville Daily News -
Column: Why a San Diego mother is blogging about her daughter's cancer journey - The San Diego Union-Tribune
Posted: May 22nd, 2021, 5:00am GMT
Column: Why a San Diego mother is blogging about her daughter's cancer journey The San Diego Union-Tribune -
Sydney toddler finally allowed hugs after gruelling chemotherapy treatment - Daily Telegraph
Posted: February 9th, 2021, 6:00am GMT
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6-year-old Nora's last chance to battle rare liver cancer - New Zealand Herald
Posted: October 8th, 2020, 8:42am GMT
6-year-old Nora's last chance to battle rare liver cancer New Zealand Herald -
How Do Birth Defects Affect Childhood Cancer Risk? - HealthDay
Posted: June 20th, 2019, 5:00am GMT
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Metabolism can be used to subtype hepatoblastoma - EurekAlert
Posted: September 18th, 2017, 5:00am GMT
PubMed - Hepatoblastoma
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Establishment of childhood hepatoblastoma xenografts and evaluation of the anti-tumour effects of anlotinib, oxaliplatin and sorafenib
Fetched: January 16th, 2022, 5:01am GMT by Dou Yang
Pediatr Surg Int. 2022 Jan 15. doi: 10.1007/s00383-021-05043-5. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Hepatoblastoma (HB) is a common primary malignant liver tumour in children, mainly treated by means of traditional chemotherapy using platinum and doxorubicin (ADM). There has been limited progress in the research and development of new drugs for treating HB.
METHODS: A tumour biopsy from a child with HB was implanted into immunodeficient mice. The primary tumour and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) tumour were extensively characterised by histology, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and humanisation identification. We used the PDX model to evaluate the anti-tumour effects of anlotinib oxaliplatin (L-OHP) and sorafenib on childhood HB.
RESULTS: The established PDX model maintained the histological characteristics of the primary tumour. Anlotinib, L-OHP, and sorafenib can significantly inhibit the tumour growth in the PDX model. There was no obvious damage of the drugs to the heart, liver and kidney of the mice, and the side effects observed were light.
CONCLUSION: We have successfully established a PDX model of childhood HB. The model retains important molecular characteristics of human primary tumours. Using the model, it was found that anlotinib, L-OHP, and sorafenib have a good inhibitory effect on the growth of childhood HB. This provides a preliminary research basis for the clinical application of the drugs.
PMID:35032209 | DOI:10.1007/s00383-021-05043-5
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Risk stratification of abdominal tumors in children with amide proton transfer imaging
Fetched: January 16th, 2022, 5:01am GMT by Xuan Jia
Eur Radiol. 2022 Jan 15. doi: 10.1007/s00330-021-08376-w. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the potential of molecular amide proton transfer (APT) MRI for predicting the risk group of abdominal tumors in children, and compare it with quantitative T1 and T2 mapping.
METHODS: This prospective study enrolled 133 untreated pediatric patients with suspected abdominal tumors from February 2019 to September 2020. APT-weighted (APTw) imaging and quantitative relaxation time mapping sequences were executed for each subject. The region of interest (ROI) was generated with automatic artifact detection and ROI-shrinking algorithms, within which the APTw, T1, and T2 indices were calculated and compared between different risk groups. The prediction performance of different imaging parameters was assessed with the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis and Student's t-test.
RESULTS: Fifty-seven patients were included in the final analysis, including 24 neuroblastomas (NB), 18 Wilms' tumors (WT), and 15 hepatoblastomas (HB). The APTw signal was significantly (p < .001) higher in patients with high-risk NB than those with low-risk NB, while the difference between patients with low-risk and high-risk WT (p = .69) or HB (p = .35) was not statistically significant. The associated areas under the curve (AUC) for APT to differentiate low-risk and high-risk NB, WT, and HB were 0.93, 0.58, and 0.71, respectively. The quantitative T1 and T2 values generated AUCs of 0.61-0.70 for the risk stratification of abdominal tumors.
CONCLUSIONS: APT MRI is a potential imaging biomarker for stratifying the risk group of pediatric neuroblastoma in the abdomen preoperatively and provides added value to structural MRI.
KEY POINTS: • Amide proton transfer (APT) imaging showed significantly (p < .001) higher values in pediatric patients with high-risk neuroblastoma than those with low-risk neuroblastoma, but did not demonstrate a significant difference in patients with Wilms' tumor (p = .69) or hepatoblastoma (p = .35). • The associated areas under the curve (AUC) for APT to differentiate low-risk and high-risk neuroblastoma, Wilms' tumor, and hepatoblastoma were 0.93, 0.58, and 0.71, respectively. • The quantitative T1 and T2 indices generated AUCs of 0.61-0.70 for dichotomizing the risk group of abdominal tumors.
PMID:35031842 | DOI:10.1007/s00330-021-08376-w
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Role of Diffusion Weighted MRI (DW-MR) in Detection of Satellite Lesions Not Detected with Multiphase CT Scans in Hepatoblastoma and Its Implications for Management
Fetched: January 9th, 2022, 5:01am GMT by Kanika Sharma
Indian J Pediatr. 2022 Jan 8. doi: 10.1007/s12098-021-04016-9. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MR) in hepatoblastoma as compared to multiphase contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) scans for detection of satellite lesions.
METHODS: In this prospective study on new cases of hepatoblastoma, multiphase CECT scans and DW-MR were performed before initiation of chemotherapy. Results of interpretation were compared for detection of satellite lesions. PRETEXT grouping and risk categorization was done according to SIOPEL based on CECT scan.
RESULTS: Nine boys and 1 girl with hepatoblastoma, with median age of 11.5 mo were included. All patients were stratified as high-risk group with 2 (20%) in PRETEXT II and 8 (80%) in PRETEXT III. In 2 of 10 (20%) patients, additional satellite lesions were detected on DW-MR, which upgraded their stage. One of the two patients had one satellite lesion identified on CECT, while additional seven satellite lesions were identified on DW-MR imaging. For the other patient, CECT showed no satellite lesion while DW-MR detected six satellite lesions.
CONCLUSION: MRI has become the gold standard investigation for evaluation of hepatoblastoma. DW-MR, which is a contrast free technique, is a better tool for assessment of satellite lesions which are usually missed on CECT. This would help in proper staging, planning of management and prognostication.
PMID:34997528 | DOI:10.1007/s12098-021-04016-9
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LncRNA MIR205HG accelerates cell proliferation, migration and invasion in hepatoblastoma through the activation of MAPK signaling pathway and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
Fetched: January 9th, 2022, 5:01am GMT by Wei Zhang
Biol Direct. 2022 Jan 7;17(1):2. doi: 10.1186/s13062-021-00309-3.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Hepatoblastoma (HB) is identified to be the most common liver malignancy which occurs in children. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in numerous biological processes and diseases, including HB. LncRNA MIR205 host gene (MIR205HG) has been investigated in multiple cancers, however, its role in HB remains to be elucidated.
METHODS: MIR205HG expression was analyzed by RT-qPCR. EdU, colony formation and transwell assays were implemented to measure the biological function of MIR205HG on the progression of HB. Mechanism assays were carried out to probe into the underlying mechanism of MIR205HG in HB cells.
RESULTS: MIR205HG was significantly overexpressed in HB. Moreover, MIR205HG inhibition suppressed the proliferative, migratory and invasive capacities of HB cells. Furthermore, MIR205HG competitively bound to microRNA-514a-5p (miR-514a-5p) and targeted mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 (MAPK9) to stimulate mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. Besides, MIR205HG also served as a sponge for microRNA-205-5p (miR-205-5p) to activate the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
CONCLUSION: MIR205HG drives the progression of HB which might provide an efficient marker and new therapeutic target for HB.
PMID:34996511 | PMC:PMC8740508 | DOI:10.1186/s13062-021-00309-3
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Emergencies in Pediatric hepatology
Fetched: January 8th, 2022, 5:01am GMT by Barath Jagadisan
J Hepatol. 2022 Jan 3:S0168-8278(21)02304-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2021.12.027. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
Etiology of several liver diseases in children are age specific and many of these conditions if not diagnosed early and managed timely have significant repercussions towards their long term outcome. We address this subject in the following five clinical scenarios that cover most of the diagnostic and therapeutic emergencies in children. The wide spectrum of conditions causing liver disease in infants may present as conjugated jaundice and that could be the only symptom of time-sensitive disorders such as biliary atresia, metabolic disorders, infections, hematological and alloimmune disorders where an algorithmic multistage testing is required to establish the correct diagnosis. Early administration of vitamin K in cholestatic infants, use of specific milk formulae and disease specific medications are essential to avoid mortality and life-long morbidity. Management of pediatric acute liver failure requires co-ordination with a liver transplant centre, safe transport and detailed age-specific etiological work-up. Central to survival is supportive care with clinical stabilization until transplantation if indicated . Gastrointestinal bleeding due to varices may present as the initial manifestation or during follow up in patients with portal vein thrombosis or chronic liver disease. We discuss the initial stabilisation and management options including pharmacological therapy followed by endoscopic and radiological interventions. Liver-based metabolic disorders may present as hyperammonaemia or hypoglycaemia with minimal or no abnormality of liver enzymes. Early recognition and specific therapies can be lifesaving or avoid neurological sequalae. Liver tumors and liver trauma are both rare occurrences in children and are best managed by a multidisciplinary team in a specialist centre.
PMID:34990749 | DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2021.12.027
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Predictors of survival following liver transplantation for pediatric hepatoblastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma: Experience from the Society of Pediatric Liver Transplantation (SPLIT)
Fetched: January 7th, 2022, 5:01am GMT by Julia M Boster
Am J Transplant. 2022 Jan 6. doi: 10.1111/ajt.16945. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
Management of unresectable pediatric hepatoblastoma (HB) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains challenging. The Society of Pediatric Liver Transplantation (SPLIT) database was used to study survival predictors in pediatric liver transplantation (LT) for HB and HCC. Event-free survival (EFS), associated risk factors, and post-operative complications were studied in children requiring LT for HB/HCC at 16 SPLIT centers. Three-year EFS was 81% for HB (n=157) and 62% for HCC (n=18) transplants. Of HB transplants, 6.9% were PRETEXT II and 15.3% were POST-TEXT I/II. Tumor extent did not impact survival (p=NS). Salvage (n=13) and primary HB transplants had similar 3-year EFS (62% versus 78%, p=NS). Among HCC transplants, 3-year EFS was poorer in older patients (38% in ≥8-year-olds vs 86% <8-year-olds), larger tumors (48% for those beyond versus 83% within Milan criteria, p=NS). Risk of infection (HR 1.5, 95%CI 1.1-2.2, p=0.02) and renal injury (HR 2.4, 95%CI 1.7-3.3, p<0.001) were higher in malignant versus non-malignant LT. Survival is favorable for pediatric HB and HCC LT, including outcomes after salvage transplant. Unexpected numbers of LTs occurred in PRE/POST-TEXT I/II tumors. Judicious patient selection is critical to distinguish tumors that are potentially resectable; simultaneously, we must advocate for patients with unresectable malignancies to receive organs.
PMID:34990053 | DOI:10.1111/ajt.16945
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Yap Expression Is Closely Related to Tumor Angiogenesis and Poor Prognosis in Hepatoblastoma
Fetched: January 4th, 2022, 5:01am GMT by Wenchen Gong
Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2022 Jan 3:1-11. doi: 10.1080/15513815.2021.2020384. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
Background: Hepatoblastoma (HB) is malignant embryonal tumor typically arising in infants and young children. Yes-associated protein (YAP) is aberrantly activated in various tumors; however, the role of YAP in hepatoblastoma is still unexplored. Methods: We assessed YAP expression in hepatoblastoma using immunohistochemistry. The relationships to clinicopathology and survival were analyzed. Results: Positive rate of YAP expression was higher in hepatoblastoma than in adjacent tissues. YAP overexpression was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and vascular invasion. Both epithelial and mixed histological types expressed YAP, but high expression was more frequent in MT. YAP expression correlated with VEGF expression, high microvascular density and low overall survival. Multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed that YAP was an independent prognostic factor for survival in children with hepatoblastoma. Conclusion: In hepatoblastoma, YAP may promote VEGF induced angiogenesis and metastases, with resulting poorer prognosis, representing a potential adverse prognostic marker.
PMID:34978260 | DOI:10.1080/15513815.2021.2020384
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Cohort study of familial viral hepatitis and risks of paediatric cancers
Fetched: December 31st, 2021, 5:01am GMT by Julia E Heck
Int J Epidemiol. 2021 Dec 30:dyab262. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyab262. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Although viral hepatitis causes paediatric hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatic and extrahepatic cancers in adults, there are few epidemiologic studies on paediatric-cancer risks from parental viral hepatitis. In a nationwide study in a viral hepatitis endemic region and with confirmation in another population-based sample, we examined associations between parental hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) infections and risks of cancers in offspring.
METHODS: We included all children born in Taiwan in 2004-2014 (N = 2 079 037) with 2160 cancer cases ascertained from the Cancer Registry. We estimated risks for paediatric cancers using Cox proportional-hazard regressions. We checked these associations in a nationwide case-control study in Denmark (6422 cases, 160 522 controls).
RESULTS: In Taiwan, paternal HBV was related to child's hepatoblastoma [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.77, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.05, 2.97] when identified at any time in the medical record, and when analyses were limited to hepatitis diagnoses occurring before the child's birth, risks increased (HR = 2.08, 95% CI = 1.13-3.80). Paternal HCV was related to child's non-Hodgkin lymphoma (HR = 2.06, 95% CI = 1.13-3.74). Maternal HCV was weakly related to increased risks of all childhood cancers [all types combined; HR = 1.45, 95% CI = 0.95-2.22]. The population-attributable fraction of hepatoblastoma for maternal, paternal and child HBV was 2.6%, 6.8% and 2.8%, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Parental HBV and HCV may be risk factors for hepatic and non-hepatic cancers in children. If associations are causal, then parental screening and treatment with antivirals may prevent some paediatric cancers.
PMID:34966942 | DOI:10.1093/ije/dyab262
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Copy Number Alterations in Hepatoblastoma: Literature Review and a Brazilian Cohort Analysis Highlight New Biological Pathways
Fetched: December 28th, 2021, 5:01am GMT by Juliana Sobral Barros
Front Oncol. 2021 Dec 8;11:741526. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.741526. eCollection 2021.
ABSTRACT
Hepatoblastoma (HB) is a rare embryonal tumor, although it is the most common pediatric liver cancer. The aim of this study was to provide an accurate cytogenomic profile of this type of cancer, for which information in cancer databases is lacking. We performed an extensive literature review of cytogenetic studies on HBs disclosing that the most frequent copy number alterations (CNAs) are gains of 1q, 2/2q, 8/8q, and 20; and losses at 1p and 4q. Furthermore, the CNA profile of a Brazilian cohort of 26 HBs was obtained by array-CGH; the most recurrent CNAs were the same as shown in the literature review. Importantly, HBs from female patients, high-risk stratification tumors, tumors who developed in older patients (> 3 years at diagnosis) or from patients with metastasis and/or deceased carried a higher diversity of chromosomal alterations, specifically chromosomal losses at 1p, 4, 11q and 18q. In addition, we distinguished three major CNA profiles: no detectable CNA, few CNAs and tumors with complex genomes. Tumors with simpler genomes exhibited a significant association with the epithelial fetal subtype of HBs; in contrast, the complex genome group included three cases with epithelial embryonal histology, as well as the only HB with HCC features. A significant association of complex HB genomes was observed with older patients who developed high-risk tumors, metastasis, and deceased. Moreover, two patients with HBs exhibiting complex genomes were born with congenital anomalies. Together, these findings suggest that a high load of CNAs, mainly chromosomal losses, particularly losses at 1p and 18, increases the tendency to HB aggressiveness. Additionally, we identified six hot-spot chromosome regions most frequently affected in the entire group: 1q31.3q42.3, 2q23.3q37.3, and 20p13p11.1 gains, besides a 5,3 Mb amplification at 2q24.2q24.3, and losses at 1p36.33p35.1, 4p14 and 4q21.22q25. An in-silico analysis using the genes mapped to these six regions revealed several enriched biological pathways such as ERK Signaling, MicroRNAs in Cancer, and the PI3K-Akt Signaling, in addition to the WNT Signaling pathway; further investigation is required to evaluate if disturbances of these pathways can contribute to HB tumorigenesis. The analyzed gene set was found to be associated with neoplasms, abnormalities of metabolism/homeostasis and liver morphology, as well as abnormal embryonic development and cytokine secretion. In conclusion, we have provided a comprehensive characterization of the spectrum of chromosomal alterations reported in HBs and identified specific genomic regions recurrently altered in a Brazilian HB group, pointing to new biological pathways, and relevant clinical associations.
PMID:34956867 | PMC:PMC8692715 | DOI:10.3389/fonc.2021.741526
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Immuno-Metabolic Modulation of Liver Oncogenesis by the Tryptophan Metabolism
Fetched: December 25th, 2021, 5:01am GMT by Véronique Trézéguet
Cells. 2021 Dec 9;10(12):3469. doi: 10.3390/cells10123469.
ABSTRACT
Metabolic rewiring in tumor cells is a major hallmark of oncogenesis. Some of the oncometabolites drive suppressive and tolerogenic signals from the immune system, which becomes complicit to the advent and the survival of neoplasia. Tryptophan (TRP) catabolism through the kynurenine (KYN) pathway was reported to play immunosuppressive actions across many types of cancer. Extensive debate of whether the culprit of immunosuppression was the depletion of TRP or rather KYN accumulation in the tumor microenvironment has been ongoing for years. Results from clinical trials assessing the benefit of inhibiting key limiting enzymes of this pathway such as indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) or tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO2) failed to meet the expectations. Bearing in mind the complexity of the tumoral terrain and the existence of different cancers with IDO1/TDO2 expressing and non-expressing tumoral cells, here we present a comprehensive analysis of the TRP global metabolic hub and the driving potential of the process of oncogenesis with the main focus on liver cancers.
PMID:34943977 | PMC:PMC8700200 | DOI:10.3390/cells10123469
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Clinical features and prognostic analysis of hepatoblastoma in children under six years old
Fetched: December 23rd, 2021, 5:01am GMT by T Zhi
Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi. 2021 Nov 20;29(11):1063-1068. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20201211-00648.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To summarize and analyze the clinical features, treatment effects and related factors affecting the prognosis of hepatoblastoma (HB) in children under six years old. Methods: Clinical data of 382 children with HB under six years old who were pathologically diagnosed at the Pediatric Single Center of Beijing Tongren Hospital from May 2005 to May 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. The factors affecting the treatment effect and survival rate of HB were analyzed. The independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of HB were studied by Cox regression model. The χ(2) test was used to compare the enumeration data between groups. Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. Log-rank test was used to compare the survival rates among subgroups. Results: Children enrolled were with median age of 1.75 (0.08 ~ 5.92) years old and a male to female ratio of 1.5. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) median level was 197 406.5 μg/L at initial diagnosis, and the pathological tissue type was mainly epithelial (55.8%). Preoperative PRETEXT stage was mostly stage III (58.6%). 86 cases (22.5%) had portal vein or hepatic vein, and vena cava invasion. 73 cases (19.1%) had extrahepatic adjacent tissues and organs invasion. Twenty-four cases (6.3%) had tumor rupture and bleeding. 171 cases (44.8%) had distant metastases, and 96 cases (25.1%) had multiple intrahepatic lesions. Patients were followed-up to May 2020 (median follow-up time was 56 months). After comprehensive treatment, 218 cases were completely relieved, and 69 cases were partially relieved, and the treatment efficiency was 75.1%. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the 1, 3, and 5-years overall survival rates (OS) were 93.7%, 84.0%, and 73.9%, respectively, and the event-free survival rates were 90.5%, 79.2%, and 67.5%, respectively. Comparison of the clinical factors of 5-year OS showed that AFP < 100 μg/L (HR = 3.341, P = 0.005), PRETEXT stage IV (HR = 4.026, P = 0.001), vascular invasion (HR = 2.178, P = 0.019) and distant metastasis (HR = 2.634, P = 0.010) were independent risk factors in each subgroup affecting the prognosis of children with HB, and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: HB prognosis is related to AFP level, PRETEXT stage, presence or absence of vascular invasion and distant metastasis. Therefore, its survival and prognosis will be different in the presence of different risk factors.
PMID:34933424 | DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20201211-00648
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Knockdown of long non-coding MIR210HG inhibits cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in hepatoblastoma via the microRNA-608-FOXO6 axis
Fetched: December 18th, 2021, 5:01am GMT by Yuhe Duan
J Int Med Res. 2021 Dec;49(12):3000605211054695. doi: 10.1177/03000605211054695.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Hepatoblastoma is the most common liver tumor. Recent research has found that long non-coding (lnc)RNAs are involved in multiple types of cancers, but the potential mechanism of lncRNA MIR210HG in hepatoblastoma remains unknown. The present study explored the molecular mechanism of MIR210HG in hepatoblastoma progression.
METHODS: The cell counting kit-8 was used to detect cell viability, and Transwell assays assessed cell migration and invasion. Luciferase reporter assays showed the relationship between MIR210HG and microRNA (miR)-608 and between miR-608 and forkhead box O6 (FOXO6). Functional tests were verified in vivo by a tumor xenograft model. The expression of MIR210HG, miR-608, FOXO6, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and vimentin was determined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blotting.
RESULTS: MIR210HG was shown to be highly expressed in hepatoblastoma tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of MIR210HG reduced proliferation, migration, and invasion in liver cancer cells, and suppressed tumor growth in vivo. MIR210HG competitively combined with miR-608, and miR-608 decreased FOXO6 expression.
CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrated that knockdown of MIR210HG inhibits hepatoblastoma development through binding to miR-608 and downregulating FOXO6. Our results provide novel insights for hepatoblastoma treatment involving the MIR210HG-miR608-FOXO6 axis.
PMID:34918962 | PMC:PMC8725230 | DOI:10.1177/03000605211054695
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Re-Recognizing the Cellular Origin of the Primary Epithelial Tumors of the Liver
Fetched: December 18th, 2021, 5:01am GMT by Jiliang Feng
J Hepatocell Carcinoma. 2021 Dec 7;8:1537-1563. doi: 10.2147/JHC.S334935. eCollection 2021.
ABSTRACT
The primary epithelial tumors of the liver (PETL) are composed of a series of heterogeneous tumors. Although the classification of PETLs has been updated several times by the World Health Organization, the cellular origins of some tumors in this family remain to be precisely depicted. In addition, certain tumors in different categories have similar histology, molecular phenotypes and biological characteristics, suggesting that they may have the same cellular origin. In this work, a narrative review method was adopted to review the relevant papers. By comparing the expression profiles of biomarkers of liver epithelium at different lineages and stages of differentiation, the cells-of-origin of some major members of the PETL family were reassessed. We propose that 1) hepatic adenomas, hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) and pure fetal hepatoblastomas (HBs) share the same spectrum in their cellular origin including the hepatocytic-committed progenitors (HCP) and their differentiated descendants. 2) Bile duct adenomas, peribiliary cysts and intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinomas (ICCs) can share the same spectrum in their cellular origin including the cholangiocytic-committed progenitors (CCP) and their differentiated descendants. 3) The cells-of-origin of embryonal HBs include liver stem cells (LSCs), hepatoblasts, and transitional cells between them. Embryonal HB with small cell element, small cell undifferentiated HB and small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the liver can have the same or similar cells-of-origin from LSC. Embryonal HB lacking the small cell component of the LSC phenotype and presenting both hepatocytic and bile duct/ductule components may originate from actual hepatoblasts/hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) as the combined HCC-ICC does. 4) Teratoid hepatoblastoma and mixed epithelial/mesenchymal HBs can be derived from the LSCs or even less committed extrahepatic pluripotent stem cell. 5) Many members of the PETLs family, including those derived from LSCs, hepatoblasts/HPCs, early HCPs and CCPs, have neuroendocrine potentiality. Except for those primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumor (PHNET) exhibit hepatocytic and/or cholangiocytic phenotypes, other PHNETs subtype may be derived from the descendants of LSC that differentiate towards the upper digestive tract, pancreas or other lineages.
PMID:34917552 | PMC:PMC8668194 | DOI:10.2147/JHC.S334935
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Integrative Analysis of DNA Methylation and Gene Expression Profiling Data Reveals Candidate Methylation-Regulated Genes in Hepatoblastoma
Fetched: December 16th, 2021, 5:01am GMT by Jian-Yao Wang
Int J Gen Med. 2021 Dec 6;14:9419-9431. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S331178. eCollection 2021.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study aimed to identify novel methylation-regulated genes as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for hepatoblastoma (HB).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The DNA methylation data of 19 HB tumor samples and 10 normal liver samples from the GSE78732 dataset and gene expression profiling data of 53 HB tumor samples and 14 normal liver samples from the GSE131329 dataset and 31 HB tumor samples and 32 normal liver samples from the GSE133039 dataset were downloaded form the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Next, differentially methylated genes (DMGs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Venn diagrams were used to identify methylation-regulated genes. The VarElect online tool was selected to identify key methylation-regulated genes, and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to show the interactions among key methylation-regulated genes and DEGs. Finally, Gene Ontology annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis were performed to investigate the potential regulatory mechanisms of key methylation-regulated genes.
RESULTS: A total of 457 DMGs and 1597 DEGs were identified between the HB and normal liver samples. After DMGs and DEGs overlapping, 22 hypomethylated and upregulated genes and 19 hypermethylated and downregulated genes in HB were screened. Survival analysis revealed that 13 methylation-regulated genes were associated with the prognosis of liver cancer. Moreover, SPP1, UHRF1, and HEY1 were selected as the key DNA methylation-regulated genes. The PPI network revealed that all of them could affect TP53, while both UHRF1 and HEY1 could influence BMP4. Enrichment analysis suggested that the DEGs were involved in TP53-related pathways, including the cell cycle and p53 signaling pathway. Finally, SPP1, UHRF1, and HEY1 were hypomethylated and upregulated in the HB samples compared with those in the normal liver samples.
CONCLUSION: SPP1, UHRE1, and HEY1 may play important roles in HB and be used as biomarkers for its diagnosis and treatment.
PMID:34908869 | PMC:PMC8664605 | DOI:10.2147/IJGM.S331178
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Down-Regulation of Activating Transcription Factor 3 (ATF3) in Hepatoblastoma and Its Relationship with Ferroptosis
Fetched: December 16th, 2021, 5:01am GMT by Jing-Xiao Li
Int J Gen Med. 2021 Dec 6;14:9401-9418. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S340939. eCollection 2021.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The molecular mechanisms and signal pathways of ferroptosis in hepatoblastoma (HB) have not yet been clarified. In previous studies, activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) was reported to be correlated with several tumors, but the clinical significance of ATF3 has never been determined. Herein, we investigated the clinicopathological value and mechanisms of ATF3 in regulating ferroptosis in HB.
METHODS: The mRNA microarray and RNA-sequencing data of 402 samples from our hospital and public databases were used to estimate ATF3 expression and assess its clinical role in HB. The standard mean difference (SMD) and summary receiver operating characteristic curves were utilized to judge the discrimination ability of ATF3 between HB and non-HB liver tissues. We examined the expression variation of ATF3 in HB cells after the treatment with erastin. We also predicted the target genes of ATF3 as a transcriptional factor from public Chromatin Immunoprecipitation-sequencing data and selected the ferroptosis-related genes for a signaling pathway analysis.
RESULTS: In ten series, the pooled SMD for ATF3 was -0.91, demonstrating that ATF3 expression was predominantly lower in HB than in non-HB liver tissues. ATF3 down-regulation showed moderate potential to distinguish HB from non-HB liver tissues (area under curves = 0.83, 95% confidence interval = 0.79-0.86). Altogether, 4855 putative targets of ATF3 as a transcriptional factor were collected, among which, 60 genes were ferroptosis-related.
CONCLUSION: The down-regulated ATF3 expression may play a vital role in the occurrence of HB possible partially by regulating ferroptosis.
PMID:34908868 | PMC:PMC8664385 | DOI:10.2147/IJGM.S340939