Rare Cancer News & Clinical Trials

Hepatoblastoma (129 unread)

Trial - Hepatoblastoma

$Permalink for 'Tegavivint for the Treatment of Recurrent or Refractory Solid Tumors, Including Lymphomas and Desmoid Tumors'$
Tegavivint for the Treatment of Recurrent or Refractory Solid Tumors, Including Lymphomas and Desmoid Tumors

Posted: April 20th, 2021, 2:00pm GMT

Conditions: Colorectal Carcinoma; Endometrial Carcinoma; Melanoma; Neuroblastoma; Ovarian Carcinoma; Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma; Recurrent Desmoid Fibromatosis; Recurrent Ewing Sarcoma; Recurrent Hepatoblastoma; Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma; Recurrent Malignant Solid Neoplasm; Recurrent Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Recurrent Osteosarcoma; Refractory Desmoid Fibromatosis; Refractory Ewing Sarcoma; Refractory Hepatoblastoma; Refractory Hepatocellular Carcinoma; Refractory Malignant Solid Neoplasm; Refractory Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Refractory Osteosarcoma; Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm of the Pancreas; Wilms Tumor
Intervention: Drug: Tegavivint
Sponsor: Children's Oncology Group
Not yet recruiting
Selpercatinib for the Treatment of Advanced Solid Tumors, Lymphomas, or Histiocytic Disorders With Activating RET Gene Alterations, a Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial

Posted: March 25th, 2020, 2:00pm GMT

Conditions: Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Cell Neoplasm; Recurrent Ependymoma; Recurrent Ewing Sarcoma; Recurrent Hepatoblastoma; Recurrent Histiocytic and Dendritic Cell Neoplasm; Recurrent Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis; Recurrent Lymphoma; Recurrent Malignant Germ Cell Tumor; Recurrent Malignant Glioma; Recurrent Malignant Solid Neoplasm; Recurrent Medulloblastoma; Recurrent Neuroblastoma; Recurrent Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Recurrent Osteosarcoma; Recurrent Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor; Recurrent Rhabdoid Tumor; Recurrent Rhabdomyosarcoma; Recurrent Soft Tissue Sarcoma; Recurrent WHO Grade II Glioma; Refractory Ependymoma; Refractory Ewing Sarcoma; Refractory Hepatoblastoma; Refractory Histiocytic and Dendritic Cell Neoplasm; Refractory Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis; Refractory Lymphoma; Refractory Malignant Germ Cell Tumor; Refractory Malignant Glioma; Refractory Malignant Solid Neoplasm; Refractory Medulloblastoma; Refractory Neuroblastoma; Refractory Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Refractory Osteosarcoma; Refractory Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor; Refractory Rhabdoid Tumor; Refractory Rhabdomyosarcoma; Refractory Soft Tissue Sarcoma; Refractory WHO Grade II Glioma; Wilms Tumor
Intervention: Drug: Selpercatinib
Sponsors: National Cancer Institute (NCI); Children's Oncology Group
Recruiting
Tipifarnib for the Treatment of Advanced Solid Tumors, Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With HRAS Gene Alterations, a Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial

Posted: February 26th, 2020, 3:00pm GMT

Conditions: Recurrent Adrenal Gland Pheochromocytoma; Recurrent Ectomesenchymoma; Recurrent Ependymoma; Recurrent Ewing Sarcoma; Recurrent Hepatoblastoma; Recurrent Kidney Wilms Tumor; Recurrent Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis; Recurrent Malignant Germ Cell Tumor; Recurrent Malignant Glioma; Recurrent Medulloblastoma; Recurrent Melanoma; Recurrent Neuroblastoma; Recurrent Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Recurrent Osteosarcoma; Recurrent Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor; Recurrent Rhabdoid Tumor; Recurrent Rhabdoid Tumor of the Kidney; Recurrent Rhabdomyosarcoma; Recurrent Soft Tissue Sarcoma; Recurrent Thyroid Gland Carcinoma; Recurrent WHO Grade II Glioma; Refractory Adrenal Gland Pheochromocytoma; Refractory Ependymoma; Refractory Ewing Sarcoma; Refractory Hepatoblastoma; Refractory Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis; Refractory Malignant Germ Cell Tumor; Refractory Malignant Glioma; Refractory Medulloblastoma; Refractory Melanoma; Refractory Neuroblastoma; Refractory Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Refractory Osteosarcoma; Refractory Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor; Refractory Rhabdoid Tumor; Refractory Rhabdoid Tumor of the Kidney; Refractory Rhabdomyosarcoma; Refractory Soft Tissue Sarcoma; Refractory Thyroid Gland Carcinoma; Refractory WHO Grade II Glioma
Intervention: Drug: Tipifarnib
Sponsor: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Recruiting
Ivosidenib in Treating Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors, Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With IDH1 Mutations (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)

Posted: December 12th, 2019, 3:00pm GMT

Conditions: Recurrent Ependymoma; Recurrent Ewing Sarcoma; Recurrent Hepatoblastoma; Recurrent Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis; Recurrent Malignant Germ Cell Tumor; Recurrent Malignant Glioma; Recurrent Malignant Solid Neoplasm; Recurrent Medulloblastoma; Recurrent Neuroblastoma; Recurrent Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Recurrent Osteosarcoma; Recurrent Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor; Recurrent Rhabdoid Tumor; Recurrent Rhabdomyosarcoma; Recurrent Soft Tissue Sarcoma; Recurrent WHO Grade II Glioma; Refractory Ependymoma; Refractory Ewing Sarcoma; Refractory Hepatoblastoma; Refractory Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis; Refractory Malignant Germ Cell Tumor; Refractory Malignant Glioma; Refractory Malignant Solid Neoplasm; Refractory Medulloblastoma; Refractory Neuroblastoma; Refractory Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Refractory Osteosarcoma; Refractory Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor; Refractory Rhabdoid Tumor; Refractory Rhabdomyosarcoma; Refractory Soft Tissue Sarcoma; Refractory WHO Grade II Glioma; Wilms Tumor
Intervention: Drug: Ivosidenib
Sponsors: National Cancer Institute (NCI); Children's Oncology Group
Recruiting
$Permalink for 'Palbociclib in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Rb Positive Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With Activating Alterations in Cell Cycle Genes (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)'$
Palbociclib in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Rb Positive Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With Activating Alterations in Cell Cycle Genes (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)

Posted: May 16th, 2018, 2:00pm GMT

Conditions: Advanced Malignant Solid Neoplasm; Recurrent Childhood Ependymoma; Recurrent Ewing Sarcoma; Recurrent Glioma; Recurrent Hepatoblastoma; Recurrent Kidney Wilms Tumor; Recurrent Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis; Recurrent Malignant Germ Cell Tumor; Recurrent Malignant Glioma; Recurrent Medulloblastoma; Recurrent Neuroblastoma; Recurrent Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Recurrent Osteosarcoma; Recurrent Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor; Recurrent Rhabdoid Tumor; Recurrent Rhabdomyosarcoma; Recurrent Soft Tissue Sarcoma; Refractory Ependymoma; Refractory Ewing Sarcoma; Refractory Glioma; Refractory Hepatoblastoma; Refractory Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis; Refractory Malignant Germ Cell Tumor; Refractory Malignant Glioma; Refractory Medulloblastoma; Refractory Neuroblastoma; Refractory Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Refractory Osteosarcoma; Refractory Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor; Refractory Rhabdoid Tumor; Refractory Rhabdomyosarcoma; Refractory Soft Tissue Sarcoma
Interventions: Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis; Drug: Palbociclib; Other: Pharmacological Study
Sponsor: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Recruiting
$Permalink for 'Olaparib in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With Defects in DNA Damage Repair Genes (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)'$
Olaparib in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With Defects in DNA Damage Repair Genes (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)

Posted: July 28th, 2017, 2:00pm GMT

Conditions: Advanced Malignant Solid Neoplasm; Ann Arbor Stage III Childhood Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Ann Arbor Stage IV Childhood Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Low Grade Glioma; Malignant Glioma; Recurrent Childhood Central Nervous System Neoplasm; Recurrent Childhood Ependymoma; Recurrent Childhood Malignant Germ Cell Tumor; Recurrent Childhood Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Recurrent Childhood Rhabdomyosarcoma; Recurrent Childhood Soft Tissue Sarcoma; Recurrent Ewing Sarcoma/Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor; Recurrent Glioma; Recurrent Hepatoblastoma; Recurrent Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis; Recurrent Malignant Solid Neoplasm; Recurrent Medulloblastoma; Recurrent Neuroblastoma; Recurrent Osteosarcoma; Refractory Childhood Malignant Germ Cell Tumor; Refractory Ependymoma; Refractory Ewing Sarcoma/Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor; Refractory Glioma; Refractory Hepatoblastoma; Refractory Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis; Refractory Malignant Glioma; Refractory Malignant Solid Neoplasm; Refractory Medulloblastoma; Refractory Neuroblastoma; Refractory Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Refractory Osteosarcoma; Refractory Primary Central Nervous System Neoplasm; Refractory Rhabdomyosarcoma; Refractory Soft Tissue Sarcoma; Rhabdoid Tumor; Wilms Tumor
Intervention: Drug: Olaparib
Sponsor: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Recruiting
$Permalink for 'Vemurafenib in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With BRAF V600 Mutations (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)'$
Vemurafenib in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With BRAF V600 Mutations (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)

Posted: July 18th, 2017, 2:00pm GMT

Conditions: Advanced Malignant Solid Neoplasm; Ann Arbor Stage III Childhood Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Ann Arbor Stage IV Childhood Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Ependymoma; Ewing Sarcoma; Hepatoblastoma; Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis; Malignant Germ Cell Tumor; Malignant Glioma; Osteosarcoma; Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor; Recurrent Childhood Central Nervous System Neoplasm; Recurrent Childhood Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Recurrent Malignant Solid Neoplasm; Recurrent Neuroblastoma; Refractory Malignant Solid Neoplasm; Refractory Neuroblastoma; Refractory Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Refractory Primary Central Nervous System Neoplasm; Rhabdoid Tumor; Rhabdomyosarcoma; Soft Tissue Sarcoma; Wilms Tumor
Interventions: Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis; Drug: Vemurafenib
Sponsor: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Recruiting
$Permalink for 'Larotrectinib in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With NTRK Fusions (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)'$
Larotrectinib in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With NTRK Fusions (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)

Posted: July 11th, 2017, 2:00pm GMT

Conditions: Advanced Malignant Solid Neoplasm; Recurrent Ependymoma; Recurrent Ewing Sarcoma/Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor; Recurrent Glioma; Recurrent Hepatoblastoma; Recurrent Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis; Recurrent Malignant Germ Cell Tumor; Recurrent Malignant Glioma; Recurrent Malignant Solid Neoplasm; Recurrent Medulloblastoma; Recurrent Neuroblastoma; Recurrent Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Recurrent Osteosarcoma; Recurrent Rhabdoid Tumor; Recurrent Rhabdomyosarcoma; Recurrent Soft Tissue Sarcoma; Refractory Ependymoma; Refractory Ewing Sarcoma/Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor; Refractory Glioma; Refractory Hepatoblastoma; Refractory Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis; Refractory Malignant Germ Cell Tumor; Refractory Malignant Glioma; Refractory Malignant Solid Neoplasm; Refractory Neuroblastoma; Refractory Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Refractory Osteosarcoma; Refractory Primary Central Nervous System Neoplasm; Refractory Rhabdoid Tumor; Refractory Rhabdomyosarcoma; Wilms Tumor
Interventions: Drug: Larotrectinib; Drug: Larotrectinib Sulfate
Sponsor: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Recruiting
$Permalink for 'Ensartinib in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With ALK or ROS1 Genomic Alterations (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)'$
Ensartinib in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With ALK or ROS1 Genomic Alterations (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)

Posted: July 11th, 2017, 2:00pm GMT

Conditions: Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Cell Neoplasm; Malignant Solid Neoplasm; Recurrent Ependymoma; Recurrent Ewing Sarcoma/Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor; Recurrent Hepatoblastoma; Recurrent Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis; Recurrent Malignant Germ Cell Tumor; Recurrent Malignant Glioma; Recurrent Medulloblastoma; Recurrent Neuroblastoma; Recurrent Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Recurrent Osteosarcoma; Recurrent Rhabdomyosarcoma; Recurrent Soft Tissue Sarcoma; Recurrent WHO Grade II Glioma; Refractory Ependymoma; Refractory Ewing Sarcoma/Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor; Refractory Hepatoblastoma; Refractory Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis; Refractory Malignant Germ Cell Tumor; Refractory Malignant Glioma; Refractory Medulloblastoma; Refractory Neuroblastoma; Refractory Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Refractory Osteosarcoma; Refractory Rhabdomyosarcoma; Refractory Soft Tissue Sarcoma; Wilms Tumor
Interventions: Drug: Ensartinib; Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis; Other: Pharmacological Study
Sponsors: National Cancer Institute (NCI); Children's Oncology Group
Recruiting
$Permalink for 'Samotolisib in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With TSC or PI3K/MTOR Mutations (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)'$
Samotolisib in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With TSC or PI3K/MTOR Mutations (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)

Posted: July 11th, 2017, 2:00pm GMT

Conditions: Advanced Malignant Solid Neoplasm; Ann Arbor Stage III Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Ann Arbor Stage IV Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Malignant Glioma; Recurrent Ependymoma; Recurrent Ewing Sarcoma; Recurrent Glioma; Recurrent Hepatoblastoma; Recurrent Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis; Recurrent Malignant Germ Cell Tumor; Recurrent Malignant Solid Neoplasm; Recurrent Medulloblastoma; Recurrent Neuroblastoma; Recurrent Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Recurrent Osteosarcoma; Recurrent Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor; Recurrent Primary Central Nervous System Neoplasm; Recurrent Rhabdomyosarcoma; Recurrent Soft Tissue Sarcoma; Refractory Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis; Refractory Malignant Germ Cell Tumor; Refractory Malignant Solid Neoplasm; Refractory Neuroblastoma; Refractory Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Refractory Primary Central Nervous System Neoplasm; Rhabdoid Tumor; Stage III Osteosarcoma AJCC v7; Stage III Soft Tissue Sarcoma AJCC v7; Stage IV Osteosarcoma AJCC v7; Stage IV Soft Tissue Sarcoma AJCC v7; Stage IVA Osteosarcoma AJCC v7; Stage IVB Osteosarcoma AJCC v7; Wilms Tumor
Interventions: Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis; Other: Pharmacological Study; Drug: Samotolisib
Sponsor: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Recruiting
$Permalink for 'Erdafitinib in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With FGFR Mutations (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)'$
Erdafitinib in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With FGFR Mutations (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)

Posted: July 7th, 2017, 2:00pm GMT

Conditions: Advanced Malignant Solid Neoplasm; Ann Arbor Stage III Childhood Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Ann Arbor Stage IV Childhood Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Low Grade Glioma; Malignant Glioma; Recurrent Childhood Ependymoma; Recurrent Childhood Malignant Germ Cell Tumor; Recurrent Childhood Medulloblastoma; Recurrent Childhood Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Recurrent Childhood Rhabdomyosarcoma; Recurrent Childhood Soft Tissue Sarcoma; Recurrent Ewing Sarcoma/Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor; Recurrent Hepatoblastoma; Recurrent Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis; Recurrent Malignant Solid Neoplasm; Recurrent Neuroblastoma; Recurrent Osteosarcoma; Recurrent Primary Central Nervous System Neoplasm; Refractory Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis; Refractory Malignant Solid Neoplasm; Refractory Neuroblastoma; Refractory Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Refractory Primary Central Nervous System Neoplasm; Rhabdoid Tumor; Stage III Soft Tissue Sarcoma AJCC v7; Stage IV Soft Tissue Sarcoma AJCC v7; Wilms Tumor
Interventions: Drug: Erdafitinib; Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis; Other: Pharmacological Study
Sponsor: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Recruiting
$Permalink for 'Targeted Therapy Directed by Genetic Testing in Treating Pediatric Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas, or Histiocytic Disorders (The Pediatric MATCH Screening Trial)'$
Targeted Therapy Directed by Genetic Testing in Treating Pediatric Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas, or Histiocytic Disorders (The Pediatric MATCH Screening Trial)

Posted: May 16th, 2017, 2:00pm GMT

Conditions: Advanced Malignant Solid Neoplasm; Ann Arbor Stage III Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Ann Arbor Stage IV Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Histiocytic Sarcoma; Juvenile Xanthogranuloma; Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis; Malignant Glioma; Recurrent Childhood Rhabdomyosarcoma; Recurrent Ependymoma; Recurrent Ewing Sarcoma; Recurrent Glioma; Recurrent Hepatoblastoma; Recurrent Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis; Recurrent Malignant Germ Cell Tumor; Recurrent Malignant Solid Neoplasm; Recurrent Medulloblastoma; Recurrent Neuroblastoma; Recurrent Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Recurrent Osteosarcoma; Recurrent Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor; Recurrent Primary Central Nervous System Neoplasm; Recurrent Rhabdoid Tumor; Recurrent Soft Tissue Sarcoma; Refractory Ewing Sarcoma; Refractory Glioma; Refractory Hepatoblastoma; Refractory Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis; Refractory Malignant Germ Cell Tumor; Refractory Malignant Solid Neoplasm; Refractory Medulloblastoma; Refractory Neuroblastoma; Refractory Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Refractory Osteosarcoma; Refractory Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor; Refractory Primary Central Nervous System Neoplasm; Refractory Rhabdoid Tumor; Refractory Rhabdomyosarcoma; Rhabdoid Tumor; Stage III Osteosarcoma AJCC v7; Stage III Soft Tissue Sarcoma AJCC v7; Stage IV Osteosarcoma AJCC v7; Stage IV Soft Tissue Sarcoma AJCC v7; Stage IVA Osteosarcoma AJCC v7; Stage IVB Osteosarcoma AJCC v7; Wilms Tumor
Interventions: Procedure: Biopsy; Procedure: Biospecimen Collection; Drug: Ensartinib; Drug: Erdafitinib; Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis; Drug: Larotrectinib; Procedure: Mutation Carrier Screening; Drug: Olaparib; Drug: Palbociclib; Other: Pharmacological Study; Drug: Samotolisib; Drug: Selpercatinib; Drug: Selumetinib Sulfate; Drug: Tazemetostat; Drug: Tipifarnib; Drug: Ulixertinib; Drug: Vemurafenib
Sponsor: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Recruiting

Google - Hepatoblastoma

80 per cent of childhood cancers are reversible, UAE paediatric oncologists say - Gulf News

Posted: September 15th, 2021, 10:55am GMT

80 per cent of childhood cancers are reversible, UAE paediatric oncologists say Gulf News
Childhood Cancer Awareness Month - what is childhood cancer and how are families supported? - Tipperary Live

Posted: September 15th, 2021, 7:52am GMT

Childhood Cancer Awareness Month - what is childhood cancer and how are families supported? Tipperary Live
Destiny StrongER Foundation seeks cure for childhood cancer - Shelby County Reporter - Shelby County Reporter

Posted: September 13th, 2021, 7:59pm GMT

Destiny StrongER Foundation seeks cure for childhood cancer - Shelby County Reporter Shelby County Reporter
Long-term morbidity and mortality in 2-year hepatoblastoma survivors treated with SIOPEL risk-adapted strategies - DocWire News

Posted: September 12th, 2021, 1:02pm GMT

Long-term morbidity and mortality in 2-year hepatoblastoma survivors treated with SIOPEL risk-adapted strategies DocWire News
PTEN downregulation induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in uterine cervical cancer cells - DocWire News

Posted: September 12th, 2021, 1:01pm GMT

PTEN downregulation induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in uterine cervical cancer cells DocWire News
One tough Tucker: 3-year-old battling cancer; benefit golf tournament on tap for October - Lufkin Daily News

Posted: September 12th, 2021, 3:30am GMT

One tough Tucker: 3-year-old battling cancer; benefit golf tournament on tap for October Lufkin Daily News
Long-term morbidity and mortality in 2-year hepatoblastoma survivors treated with SIOPEL risk-adapted strategies - DocWire News

Posted: September 11th, 2021, 1:02pm GMT

Long-term morbidity and mortality in 2-year hepatoblastoma survivors treated with SIOPEL risk-adapted strategies DocWire News
PTEN downregulation induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in uterine cervical cancer cells - DocWire News

Posted: September 11th, 2021, 1:01pm GMT

PTEN downregulation induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in uterine cervical cancer cells DocWire News
Fennec Pharmaceuticals to Participate in Upcoming Investor Conferences - StreetInsider.com

Posted: September 9th, 2021, 8:02am GMT

Fennec Pharmaceuticals to Participate in Upcoming Investor Conferences StreetInsider.com
Fennec Pharmaceuticals to Participate in Upcoming Investor Conferences - Yahoo Finance

Posted: September 9th, 2021, 8:00am GMT

Fennec Pharmaceuticals to Participate in Upcoming Investor Conferences Yahoo Finance
Molecular Diagnostics Market to Reach USD 80.45 Billion by 2026 | TechSci Research - openPR

Posted: September 9th, 2021, 5:30am GMT

Molecular Diagnostics Market to Reach USD 80.45 Billion by 2026 | TechSci Research openPR
Cisplatin-Induced Hearing Loss More Common in Younger Kids - MedPage Today

Posted: September 7th, 2021, 6:02pm GMT

Cisplatin-Induced Hearing Loss More Common in Younger Kids MedPage Today
Genomic characterization of hepatocellular carcinoma | JHC - Dove Medical Press

Posted: September 6th, 2021, 11:20am GMT

Genomic characterization of hepatocellular carcinoma | JHC Dove Medical Press
Peptide-based vaccines for hepatocellular carcinoma | JHC - Dove Medical Press

Posted: September 2nd, 2021, 9:20am GMT

Peptide-based vaccines for hepatocellular carcinoma | JHC Dove Medical Press
Michael Bublé Celebrates Son Noah, a Childhood Cancer Survivor, on His Birthday: ‘My Hero Turns 8!’ - SurvivorNet

Posted: August 30th, 2021, 4:33pm GMT

Michael Bublé Celebrates Son Noah, a Childhood Cancer Survivor, on His Birthday: ‘My Hero Turns 8!’ SurvivorNet
How Neuroblastoma Is Diagnosed - Verywell Health

Posted: August 29th, 2021, 7:40am GMT

How Neuroblastoma Is Diagnosed Verywell Health
Severe hypoglycemia and finger clubbing in a patient with a BRCA1 mutation in a solitary fibrous tumor: a case report - DocWire News

Posted: August 25th, 2021, 5:00am GMT

Severe hypoglycemia and finger clubbing in a patient with a BRCA1 mutation in a solitary fibrous tumor: a case report DocWire News
Vietnam successfully performs first liver transplant on child patient with late-stage cancer - The Star Online

Posted: August 18th, 2021, 9:52am GMT

Vietnam successfully performs first liver transplant on child patient with late-stage cancer The Star Online
Vietnam successfully performs first liver transplant on child patient with late-stage cancer - http://en.vietnamplus.vn/

Posted: August 18th, 2021, 2:29am GMT

Vietnam successfully performs first liver transplant on child patient with late-stage cancer [en.vietnamplus.vn]
FENNEC PHARMACEUTICALS : Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (form 10-Q) - marketscreener.com

Posted: August 10th, 2021, 2:43pm GMT

FENNEC PHARMACEUTICALS : Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (form 10-Q) marketscreener.com
FENNEC PHARMACEUTICALS : Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (form 10-Q) - marketscreener.com

Posted: August 10th, 2021, 2:43pm GMT

FENNEC PHARMACEUTICALS : Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (form 10-Q) marketscreener.com
Fennec Pharmaceuticals Announces Second Quarter 2021 Financial Results and Provides Business Update - StreetInsider.com

Posted: August 10th, 2021, 8:04am GMT

Fennec Pharmaceuticals Announces Second Quarter 2021 Financial Results and Provides Business Update StreetInsider.com
Fennec Pharmaceuticals Announces Second Quarter 2021 - GlobeNewswire

Posted: August 10th, 2021, 8:00am GMT

Fennec Pharmaceuticals Announces Second Quarter 2021 GlobeNewswire
Local News: A cool place to play (8/6/21) - Brazil Times

Posted: August 6th, 2021, 1:42pm GMT

Local News: A cool place to play (8/6/21) Brazil Times
Local News: A cool place to play (8/6/21) - Brazil Times

Posted: August 6th, 2021, 1:42pm GMT

Local News: A cool place to play (8/6/21) Brazil Times
FDA Accepts Application for Pedmark in Prevention of Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity in Solid Tumors - OncLive

Posted: June 22nd, 2021, 5:00am GMT

FDA Accepts Application for Pedmark in Prevention of Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity in Solid Tumors OncLive
BLA Resubmitted to FDA for Pedmark in Prevention of Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity in Solid Tumors - OncLive

Posted: June 1st, 2021, 5:00am GMT

BLA Resubmitted to FDA for Pedmark in Prevention of Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity in Solid Tumors OncLive
Boy who beat cancer wants to celebrate by meeting his hero Stormzy - Essex Live

Posted: April 10th, 2021, 5:00am GMT

Boy who beat cancer wants to celebrate by meeting his hero Stormzy Essex Live
Eastwood mum raises £1,400 to help critically-ill toddler with rare cancer - Eastwood Advertiser

Posted: March 30th, 2021, 5:00am GMT

Eastwood mum raises £1,400 to help critically-ill toddler with rare cancer Eastwood Advertiser
Inaugural car show to benefit foundation | Local News | mooresvilletribune.com - Mooresville Tribune

Posted: March 24th, 2021, 5:00am GMT

Inaugural car show to benefit foundation | Local News | mooresvilletribune.com Mooresville Tribune
The Health of IVF Babies: What Do We Know? What Do We Need to Find Out? - BioNews

Posted: March 1st, 2021, 6:00am GMT

The Health of IVF Babies: What Do We Know? What Do We Need to Find Out? BioNews
Adorable pair of Cambodian babies on a cancer treatment trip to Japan - The Phnom Penh Post

Posted: February 16th, 2021, 6:00am GMT

Adorable pair of Cambodian babies on a cancer treatment trip to Japan The Phnom Penh Post
cancer Archives - Boston Children's Answers - Boston Children's Discoveries

Posted: February 11th, 2021, 12:39pm GMT

cancer Archives - Boston Children's Answers Boston Children's Discoveries
14-month-old Anthony McCallum fights for his life after shock diagnosis of rare liver cancer - ABC News

Posted: January 14th, 2021, 6:00am GMT

14-month-old Anthony McCallum fights for his life after shock diagnosis of rare liver cancer ABC News
Pediatric Liver Cancer Cases Have Increased Over Last 30 Years - Curetoday.com

Posted: January 12th, 2021, 6:00am GMT

Pediatric Liver Cancer Cases Have Increased Over Last 30 Years Curetoday.com
Family's joy as 22-month-old Leeds boy fighting liver cancer can spend Christmas at home - Yorkshire Evening Post

Posted: December 18th, 2020, 6:00am GMT

Family's joy as 22-month-old Leeds boy fighting liver cancer can spend Christmas at home Yorkshire Evening Post
HAPPENING TODAY: Special blood drive for young Wilmington girl with rare cancer - WECT

Posted: December 1st, 2020, 6:00am GMT

HAPPENING TODAY: Special blood drive for young Wilmington girl with rare cancer WECT
Small, but mighty: 4-year-old Wilmington girl fights back against liver cancer - WWAY NewsChannel 3

Posted: November 18th, 2020, 6:00am GMT

Small, but mighty: 4-year-old Wilmington girl fights back against liver cancer WWAY NewsChannel 3
Toddler diagnosed with rare cancer Metastatic Hepatoblastoma, Grace Bridges, given last fighting chance - 7NEWS.com.au

Posted: November 13th, 2020, 6:00am GMT

Toddler diagnosed with rare cancer Metastatic Hepatoblastoma, Grace Bridges, given last fighting chance 7NEWS.com.au
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome: Causes, symptoms, treatment, and more - Medical News Today

Posted: September 28th, 2020, 5:00am GMT

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome: Causes, symptoms, treatment, and more Medical News Today
Fennec Announces Issuance of US Patent for PEDMARK™ - GlobeNewswire

Posted: September 21st, 2020, 5:00am GMT

Fennec Announces Issuance of US Patent for PEDMARK™ GlobeNewswire
‘Let’s go beat cancer’: New Haven chef, whose son was diagnosed at 7 months old, organizes dinner fundraiser - Hartford Courant

Posted: September 16th, 2020, 5:00am GMT

‘Let’s go beat cancer’: New Haven chef, whose son was diagnosed at 7 months old, organizes dinner fundraiser Hartford Courant
Cure 4 The Kids Foundation and UFC Announce Online 50/50 Raffle To Raise Funds For Pediatric Cancer Patients - Nevada Business Magazine

Posted: September 10th, 2020, 5:00am GMT

Cure 4 The Kids Foundation and UFC Announce Online 50/50 Raffle To Raise Funds For Pediatric Cancer Patients Nevada Business Magazine
Exposure to RT Linked to Lower Lean Body Mass in Adult Survivors of Pediatric Abdominal/Pelvic Solid Tumors, Study Finds - Oncology Nurse Advisor

Posted: August 26th, 2020, 5:00am GMT

Exposure to RT Linked to Lower Lean Body Mass in Adult Survivors of Pediatric Abdominal/Pelvic Solid Tumors, Study Finds Oncology Nurse Advisor
Does Liver Cancer Spread Quickly? - MedicineNet

Posted: August 12th, 2020, 5:00am GMT

Does Liver Cancer Spread Quickly? MedicineNet
Brave girl, 4, beats lung cancer at Birmingham Children's Hospital and is now set for key transplant - Birmingham Live

Posted: August 3rd, 2020, 5:00am GMT

Brave girl, 4, beats lung cancer at Birmingham Children's Hospital and is now set for key transplant Birmingham Live
Fighting cancer & Covid, MP family returns to city flyover for 3rd time - The Indian Express

Posted: July 29th, 2020, 5:00am GMT

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Mum's Disney plea to son after 'constipation' turned out to be cancer - Leicestershire Live

Posted: July 4th, 2020, 5:00am GMT

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Mum’s the word: Mother donates part of liver to save her six-year-old son - Bangalore Mirror

Posted: June 30th, 2020, 5:00am GMT

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Michael Buble’s Son Makes Adorable Appearance in Live Video: 6-Year-Old Noah Survived Liver Cancer at 3 - SurvivorNet

Posted: April 27th, 2020, 5:00am GMT

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'Unstoppable' young Central Texas cancer survivor dies unexpectedly - KWTX

Posted: April 20th, 2020, 5:00am GMT

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Auburn girl celebrated for being one year free of rare cancer - fingerlakes1.com

Posted: April 19th, 2020, 5:00am GMT

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2-year-old Auburn girl celebrates one-year cancer-free with socially distant parade - CNYcentral.com

Posted: April 18th, 2020, 5:00am GMT

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Opinion | My Toddler Survived Cancer. Then Came the Coronavirus. - The New York Times

Posted: April 15th, 2020, 5:00am GMT

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Destiny strong: Pelham girl battles rare form of liver cancer - Shelby County Reporter - Shelby County Reporter

Posted: February 24th, 2020, 6:00am GMT

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Canterbury girl who underwent pioneering cancer treatment in America has died - Stuff.co.nz

Posted: February 8th, 2020, 6:00am GMT

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Life Is Good Again for Michael Bublé -- His Son's Cancer Is in Remission and He's Announced a New Tour - SurvivorNet

Posted: January 17th, 2020, 6:00am GMT

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'Prayers for Zion' -- This Incredible Couple Adopt a Baby Girl from China Who's Diagnosed with Cancer 7 Weeks Later - SurvivorNet

Posted: December 16th, 2019, 6:00am GMT

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First day of school comes 81 days late for young local cancer patient - KWTX

Posted: November 8th, 2019, 6:00am GMT

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Central Texas 4-year-old battling cancer for the second time - KXXV News Channel 25

Posted: September 13th, 2019, 5:00am GMT

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Breast cancer gene a potential target for childhood liver cancer treatment - EurekAlert

Posted: September 3rd, 2019, 5:00am GMT

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Local Mother Looks to Raise Funds for Pediatric Cancer - FOX 21 Online

Posted: August 15th, 2019, 5:00am GMT

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"I Don't Worry About Silly Things Anymore" -- Pop Star Michael Bublé's Wife Reveals How Her Son's Liver Cancer Helped Her To Focus On What Is Really Important - SurvivorNet

Posted: August 5th, 2019, 5:00am GMT

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How Do Birth Defects Affect Childhood Cancer Risk? - HealthDay

Posted: June 20th, 2019, 5:00am GMT

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Full circle | Penn Today - Penn: Office of University Communications

Posted: April 29th, 2019, 5:00am GMT

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Cancer rates in young children are increasing worldwide - UMN News

Posted: April 19th, 2019, 5:00am GMT

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AFP SPEAR T Cells Deemed Safe in First 2 Treated Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma - Cancer Therapy Advisor

Posted: April 19th, 2019, 5:00am GMT

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Minimal adjuvant chemotherapy for children with hepatoblastoma resected at diagnosis (AHEP0731): a Children's Oncology Group, multicentre, phase 3 trial - The Lancet

Posted: April 8th, 2019, 5:00am GMT

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Children born via IVF more likely to develop cancer later in life - News-Medical.net

Posted: April 3rd, 2019, 5:00am GMT

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Noah Buble, Michael Buble's Son: 5 Fast Facts You Need to Know - Heavy.com

Posted: March 20th, 2019, 5:00am GMT

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Identification of new Wilms tumour predisposition genes: an exome sequencing study - The Lancet

Posted: March 15th, 2019, 5:00am GMT

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A Phase II/III Study of Pediatric Liver Cancer Treatments - On Cancer - Memorial Sloan Kettering

Posted: December 28th, 2018, 7:48am GMT

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Blastoma: Causes, types, diagnosis, and treatment - Medical News Today

Posted: December 12th, 2018, 6:00am GMT

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When Chemo and Surgery Fails, Targeted Radiation Is an Option for Kids With Liver Cancer - BioSpace

Posted: December 7th, 2018, 6:00am GMT

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Virginia woman, 26, who survived cancer as a child is now a nurse at the hospital that saved her - Daily Mail

Posted: December 4th, 2018, 6:00am GMT

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5-Year-Old Charlie Proctor Apologizes to His Mom Before Dying of Cancer in His Parents' Arms - PEOPLE.com

Posted: November 12th, 2018, 6:00am GMT

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Wayne pediatric cancer survivor inspires through children's book, 'Dream On' - NorthJersey.com

Posted: November 3rd, 2018, 5:00am GMT

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New treatment helps avoid deafness in child chemotherapy patients - Medical Xpress

Posted: June 21st, 2018, 5:00am GMT

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Sodium thiosulfate lowers risk for hearing loss among children with hepatoblastoma - Healio

Posted: June 20th, 2018, 5:00am GMT

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New drug halves hearing loss in children following cancer treatment - Science Daily

Posted: June 20th, 2018, 5:00am GMT

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How is Michael Buble’s son doing following his liver cancer hepatoblastoma battle?... - The Sun

Posted: January 28th, 2018, 9:46pm GMT

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Dawson Willcock: 'Brave' two-year-old dies of rare liver cancer - BBC News

Posted: November 25th, 2017, 6:00am GMT

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Posted: November 25th, 2017, 6:00am GMT

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Sept Day 28: Linkyn Funderburk just diagnosed with liver cancer - WBTV

Posted: September 28th, 2017, 5:00am GMT

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Metastatic Liver Cancer: How Long Can You Live With It and More - Healthline

Posted: September 26th, 2017, 11:38am GMT

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Parents of toddler battling terminal cancer told his disease is ‘untreatable’ by US docs after raising £35... - The Sun

Posted: September 19th, 2017, 5:00am GMT

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Metabolism can be used to subtype hepatoblastoma tumors - Medical Xpress

Posted: September 18th, 2017, 5:00am GMT

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Metabolism can be used to subtype hepatoblastoma - EurekAlert

Posted: September 18th, 2017, 5:00am GMT

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Metabolic Classification of Human Hepatoblastoma Uncovered - Technology Networks

Posted: September 18th, 2017, 5:00am GMT

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What is liver cancer, what are the symptoms and survival rate of the condition and what is hepatoblastoma?... - The Sun

Posted: August 3rd, 2017, 8:54am GMT

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Dollar for Dawson appeal launched for boy with liver cancer - BBC News

Posted: May 20th, 2017, 5:00am GMT

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Unresectable hepatoblastoma: current perspectives | HMER - Dove Medical Press

Posted: February 1st, 2017, 6:00am GMT

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Michael Bublé's Son Diagnosed with Liver Cancer: How Rare Is It in Kids? - Live Science

Posted: November 11th, 2016, 6:00am GMT

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PubMed - Hepatoblastoma

The Role of Immunocytochemical Markers to Differentiate Primary from Secondary Neoplastic Hepatic Masses: A Diagnostic Challenge on Cytology

Fetched: September 14th, 2021, 5:01am GMT by Jenna B Bhattacharya

Turk Patoloji Derg. 2021 Apr 4. doi: 10.5146/tjpath.2021.01527. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: It is challenging and difficult to differentiate primary from metastatic hepatic masses solely on cytology. The present study aimed to correlate cytomorphological spectrum of hepatic masses with immunocytochemical markers to differentiate primary from metastases in liver.

MATERIAL AND METHOD: The present study comprised of 30 clinico-radiologically suspicious cases of neoplastic hepatic masses. Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration smears and cell blocks were prepared as per standard technique; two of the smears were air-dried and Giemsa stained to study cytomorphological features. A panel of markers (HepPar-1, CD 10, CK7, CK19, CD34, and MOC-31) were studied both in smears and cell blocks.

RESULTS: Cytomorphological features on smears were evaluated and correlated with immunocytochemistry in all cases; the final diagnosis was: Hepatocellular carcinoma (n=7), cholangiocarcinoma (n=2), hepatoblastoma (n=1) and metastatic carcinoma (n=20). HepPar-1, CD10 and CD34 demonstrated 86%, 72%, 86% sensitivity and 100% specificity respectively for hepatocellular carcinoma; CK7&CK19 showed 100% sensitivity for cholangiocarcinoma, MOC 31 showed 90% sensitivity and 100% specificity for metastatic carcinoma. < p < Conclusion: The present study recommends a panel of minimum three markers (HepPar-1, CD10, and MOC-31) which were helpful to differentiate hepatocellular carcinoma from metastatic carcinoma that was a major diagnostic challenge solely on cytomorphology. Correlating cytomorphology with these three markers, 100% of the cases could be diagnosed as primary malignancy and distinguished accurately from metastatic carcinoma.

PMID:34514559 | DOI:10.5146/tjpath.2021.01527
High Expression of ROMO1 Aggravates the Malignancy of Hepatoblastoma

Fetched: September 14th, 2021, 5:01am GMT by Jiangfeng Lv

J Oncol. 2021 Sep 1;2021:2341719. doi: 10.1155/2021/2341719. eCollection 2021.

ABSTRACT

Hepatoblastoma (HB) is a kind of tumor that occurs frequently in children and is highly malignant. Here, the function of ROS modulator 1 (ROMO1) was identified in the development of HB. In this study, the mRNA expression of ROMO1 was measured by RT-qPCR. Colony formation assay, MTT assay, and flow cytometric analysis were applied to detect cell viability. The cell migrative and invasive ability was measured by wound healing and transwell assays. Tumor xenografts were performed to examine tumor growth. The results showed that upregulation of ROMO1 was identified in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) tissues and predicted poor prognosis in LIHC patients. And ROMO1 expression was also increased in HB tissues and cells. Functionally, ROMO1 knockdown restrained cell viability, migration, and invasion in HB. In addition, knockdown of ROMO1 was found to suppress tumor formation in vivo. In conclusion, upregulation of ROMO1 promotes tumor growth and cell aggressiveness in HB.

PMID:34512752 | PMC:PMC8426091 | DOI:10.1155/2021/2341719
Long-term morbidity and mortality in 2-year hepatoblastoma survivors treated with SIOPEL risk-adapted strategies

Fetched: September 12th, 2021, 5:01am GMT by M Illiano

Hepatol Int. 2021 Sep 10. doi: 10.1007/s12072-021-10251-1. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Prognosis of hepatoblastoma patients has increased with cisplatin-based chemotherapy and high-quality resection including liver transplant. Consequently current risk-adapted therapeutic strategy aims to reduce long-term side effects in patients with standard risk disease.

METHODS: We report long-term mortality and morbidity data concerning 151 2-year hepatoblastoma survivors treated with SIOPEL risk-adapted strategies (sex-ratio M/F = 1.6, median age at diagnosis = 2.6 years [range 0-17.7], median year at diagnosis = 2008 [1994-2017]). Fifty-three patients had loco-regional risk factors VPEFR, 12 were PRETEXT-IV and 30 were metastatic. All received cisplatin and 84 anthracyclines. Twelve had liver transplant. To assess hearing, renal and cardiac functions, audiograms were performed in 116/151 patients (76.8%), glomerular filtration rate in 113/151 (74.8%) and cardiac ultrasound in 65/84 (77.4%) anthracycline-exposed patients.

RESULTS: With a median follow-up of 9.4 years (range 2.1-25.8), four late relapses, one second malignancy (Acute Myeloid Leukemia AML-M5) and two deaths (one from hepatoblastoma, one from AML) occurred. The 10-years event free survival and overall survival probabilities were 95.5% (95% CI 91.9-99.1) and 98.7% (95% CI 96.8-100), respectively. Sixty-eight non-oncologic health-events included 57 cases of hearing loss (including 25 Brock 3-4), three liver cirrhosis, three pre-operative portal cavernoma, two focal nodular hyperplasia, two grade-1 chronic kidney diseases and one asymptomatic cardiac dysfunction were reported. Ototoxicity was significantly associated with cisplatin cumulative dose (OR = 2.07, 95% CI 1.32-3.24, p = 0.001) and carboplatin exposure (OR = 3.14, 95% CI 1.30-7.58, p = 0.01) in multivariable analysis adjusted for sex and age at diagnosis.

CONCLUSIONS: With current risk-adapted strategies, hepatoblastoma is a highly curable disease, with very rare relapses, and few late effects except hearing loss which remains a serious condition in these very young patients.

PMID:34506008 | DOI:10.1007/s12072-021-10251-1
Pediatric solid tumors and associated cancer predisposition syndromes: Workup, management, and surveillance. A summary from the APSA cancer committee

Fetched: September 12th, 2021, 5:01am GMT by Christa N Grant

J Pediatr Surg. 2021 Aug 24:S0022-3468(21)00568-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2021.08.008. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Cancer predisposition syndromes (CPS) are a heterogeneous group of inherited disorders that greatly increase the risk of developing malignancies. CPS are particularly relevant to pediatric surgeons since nearly 10% of cancer diagnoses are due to inherited genetic traits, and CPS often contribute to cancer development during childhood.

MATERIALS/METHODS: The English language literature was searched for manuscripts, practice guidelines, and society statements on "cancer predisposition syndromes in children". Following review of these manuscripts and cross-referencing of their bibliographies, tables were created to summarize findings of the most common CPS associated with surgically treated pediatric solid malignancies.

RESULTS: Pediatric surgeons should be aware of CPS as the identification of one of these syndromes can completely change the management of certain tumors, such as WT. The most common CPS associated with pediatric solid malignancies are outlined, with an emphasis on those most often encountered by pediatric surgeons: neuroblastoma, Wilms' tumor, hepatoblastoma, and medullary thyroid cancer. Frequently associated non-tumor manifestations of these CPS are also included as a guide to increase surgeon awareness. Screening and management guidelines are outlined, and published genetic testing and counseling guidelines are included where available.

CONCLUSION: Pediatric surgeons play an important role as surgical oncologists and are often the first point of contact for children with solid tumors. In their role of delivering a diagnosis and developing a follow-up and treatment plan as part of a multidisciplinary team, familiarity with common CPS will ensure evidence-based practices are followed, including important principles such as organ preservation and intensified surveillance plans. This review defines and summarizes the CPS associated with common childhood solid tumors encountered by the pediatric surgeon, as well as common non-cancerous disease stigmata that may help guide diagnosis.

TYPE OF STUDY: Summary paper.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 5.

PMID:34503817 | DOI:10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2021.08.008
Identification of distinct tumor cell populations and key genetic mechanisms through single cell sequencing in hepatoblastoma

Fetched: September 10th, 2021, 5:01am GMT by Alexander Bondoc

Commun Biol. 2021 Sep 8;4(1):1049. doi: 10.1038/s42003-021-02562-8.

ABSTRACT

Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common primary liver malignancy of childhood, and molecular investigations are limited and effective treatment options for chemoresistant disease are lacking. There is a knowledge gap in the investigation of key driver cells of HB in tumor. Here we show single cell ribonucleic acid sequencing (scRNAseq) analysis of human tumor, background liver, and patient derived xenograft (PDX) to demonstrate gene expression patterns within tumor and to identify intratumor cell subtype heterogeneity to define differing roles in pathogenesis based on intracellular signaling in pediatric HB. We have identified a driver tumor cell cluster in HB by genetic expression which can be examined to define disease mechanism and treatments. Identification of both critical mechanistic pathways combined with unique cell populations provide the basis for discovery and investigation of novel treatment strategies in vitro and in vivo.

PMID:34497364 | DOI:10.1038/s42003-021-02562-8
Pediatric Metastatic Hepatoblastoma With an ARID1A Mutation and Rhabdoid Cells

Fetched: September 8th, 2021, 5:01am GMT by Murad Alturkustani

Int J Surg Pathol. 2021 Sep 7:10668969211042638. doi: 10.1177/10668969211042638. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The small cell undifferentiated component of hepatoblastoma is an uncommon histologic component and is distinguished from small cell undifferentiated like pattern (originally called hepatoblastoma and now recognized to be malignant rhabdoid tumor) by the bi-allelic SMARCB1 mutations or copy number alterations in the latter. AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A (ARID1A) is a part of the ATP-dependent switch/sucrose non-fermentable complex assembly, but mutations have not been reported as drivers of malignant rhabdoid tumor. ARID1A mutations in hepatocellular carcinoma are associated with poor prognosis but its significance in hepatoblastoma is unknown. We report a unique case of hepatoblastoma in a 19-month-old female with an unusual/atypical small cell undifferentiated component with ARID1A and beta-catenin mutations. It had an aggressive clinical course despite treatment, with metastases to the left psoas muscle, perihepatic and paratracheal lymph nodes, spinal cord, and leptomeninges. Leptomeningeal metastases resulted in diffuse cerebral edema and death. The initial diagnostic biopsy did not reveal rhabdoid cells while all metastatic foci showed cells with rhabdoid morphology in the autopsy specimens. Although this rhabdoid component resembled malignant rhabdoid tumor morphologically, molecular analyses failed to show mutations or deletions of SMARCB1.

PMID:34488461 | DOI:10.1177/10668969211042638
Inhibition of phase-1 biotransformation and cytostatic effects of diphenyleneiodonium on hepatoblastoma cell line HepG2 and a CYP3A4-overexpressing HepG2 cell clone

Fetched: September 8th, 2021, 5:01am GMT by Christian Schulz

Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 2021 Aug 28. doi: 10.3233/CH-219117. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Cell-based in vitro liver models are an important tool in the development and evaluation of new drugs in pharmacological and toxicological drug assessment. Hepatic microsomal enzyme complexes, consisting of cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (CPR) and cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs), play a decisive role in catalysing phase-1 biotransformation of pharmaceuticals and xenobiotics. For a comprehensive understanding of the phase-1 biotransformation of drugs, the availability of well-characterized substances for the targeted modulation of in vitro liver models is essential. In this study, we investigated diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) for its ability to inhibit phase-1 enzyme activity and further its toxicological profile in an in vitro HepG2 cell model with and without recombinant expression of the most important drug metabolization enzyme CYP3A4.Aim of the study was to identify effective DPI concentrations for CPR/CYP activity modulation and potentially associated dose and time dependent hepatotoxic effects. The cells were treated with DPI doses up to 5,000nM (versus vehicle control) for a maximum of 48 h and subsequently examined for CYP3A4 activity as well as various toxicological relevant parameters such as cell morphology, integrity and viability, intracellular ATP level, and proliferation. Concluding, the experiments revealed a time- and concentration-dependent DPI mediated partial and complete inhibition of CYP3A4 activity in CYP3A4 overexpressing HepG2-cells (HepG2-CYP3A4). Other cell functions, including ATP synthesis and consequently the proliferation were negatively affected in both in vitro cell models. Since neither cell integrity nor cell viability were reduced, the effect of DPI in HepG2 can be assessed as cytostatic rather than cytotoxic.

PMID:34487034 | DOI:10.3233/CH-219117
The differential expression of perilipin-2 in hepatoblastoma and its association with prognosis

Fetched: September 4th, 2021, 5:01am GMT by Sadafumi Azukisawa

Histol Histopathol. 2021 Sep 3:18371. doi: 10.14670/HH-18-371. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Perilipin-2, a lipid droplet (LD) coating protein, has been found to be involved in cancer progression. However, its role in hepatoblastoma (HB) is undefined. We collected 87 HB samples and the corresponding clinical data. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was performed to detect perilipin-2 and the association of the perilipin-2 expression with clinical characteristics and prognosis was analyzed. The expression of perilipin-2 was increased in fetal HB components in comparison to embryonal HB components. The predominant staining pattern was vesicular in fetal HB cells, while it was granular in embryonal HB cells. Furthermore, strong expression of perilipin-2 was associated with the histopathological type of fetal predominant HB. Although event-free survival (EFS) did not differ to a statistically significant extent between the strong and weak expression groups in a univariate survival analysis, a multivariate survival analysis revealed that EFS was significantly improved in the strong perilipin-2 expression group. In conclusion, perilipin-2 is differentially expressed in HB and the strong expression of perilipin-2 predicts a better prognosis.

PMID:34477212 | DOI:10.14670/HH-18-371
Outcomes of Central Hepatectomy for Pediatric Liver Tumors

Fetched: September 1st, 2021, 5:01am GMT by Stephanie Y Chen

J Surg Res. 2021 Aug 28;268:570-575. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2021.06.077. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Central hepatectomy (CH) is an uncommon surgical technique that is an option for resection of centrally located tumors, with the advantage of sparing normal hepatic parenchyma. Few studies have described outcomes in children undergoing CH.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: An IRB-approved, retrospective chart review of patients who underwent CH at Children's Hospital Los Angeles between 2005 and 2016 was performed. Data included patient demographics, peri-operative factors, and post-operative outcomes. The IRB approved waiver of consent.

RESULTS: Eight patients (4F:4M) with median age of 1.9 Y underwent CH: 7 patients for HB and 1 patient for focal nodular hyperplasia. Two of the seven HB patients had metastatic disease at diagnosis. Six of the seven HB patients received a median of 4 rounds (3-7 rounds) of pre-operative chemotherapy. The median operative time was 197.5 Min (143-394 Min) with median blood loss of 175 mL (100-1200 mL). Complications included a bile fluid collection requiring aspiration. Seven patients had negative margins on pathology. One patient with a positive margin successfully completed therapy, without recurrent disease. All patients survived to follow-up, with a median follow-up duration of 1.1 Y (0.1-12.1 Y). Two patients developed recurrent disease requiring formal hepatic lobectomy and orthotopic liver transplantation. These patients had negative pathologic margins, with tumor within 1 mm of resection margins.

CONCLUSION: CH is an effective alternative to extended hepatectomy for patients with centrally located liver tumors and is associated with good clinical and pathologic outcomes.

PMID:34464895 | DOI:10.1016/j.jss.2021.06.077
Evaluation of Early and Late Complications of Pediatric Liver Transplantation with Multi-slice Computed Tomography: A High-Volume Transplant Single-Center Study

Fetched: September 1st, 2021, 5:01am GMT by Mehmet Öztürk

Turk J Gastroenterol. 2021 Jul;32(7):586-592. doi: 10.5152/tjg.2021.20564.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: To present abdominal multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) results following transplantation in pediatric patients with a liver transplantation (LT), and to create awareness of early (<3 months) and late (>3 months) complications that may occur.

METHODS: This retrospective study included 119 children with an LT performed in our hospital from 2014 to 2017. The descriptive statistics relating to patients' age, gender, transplantation indications, transplantation technique, and MSCT findings were calculated, and are presented as numbers and percentages. The complications were divided into 4 groups: vascular, biliary, parenchymal, and extraparenchymal.

RESULTS: The LT procedures were performed with organs from living donors for 83 patients, and from deceased donors for 36 patients. Hepatic artery and portal vein complications were mostly seen in the early period (n = 18), and hepatic vein complications were also observed in the late period (n = 6). The most commonly encountered biliary complications were stenosis/stricture (n = 13) and bile leak/ bilioma (n = 9). Stenosis/stricture frequently occurred in the late period. The most common parenchymal complications were ischemic infarct (n = 8) in the early period, and abscess (n = 4) and recurrent hepatoblastoma (n = 2) in the late period. Hematoma (n = 7), intestinal perforation (n = 3), and focal spleen infarct (n = 3) were among the most commonly observed extraparenchymal abdominal complications.

CONCLUSION: The complications occurring after pediatric LT varied according to the time after surgery and the transplantation technique used. Using MSCT, different abdominal complications can be assessed simultaneously, greatly contributing to diagnosis and treatment.

PMID:34464322 | DOI:10.5152/tjg.2021.20564
Molecular signatures of aggressive pediatric liver cancer

Fetched: August 29th, 2021, 5:01am GMT by Michael E Johnston

Arch Stem Cell Ther. 2021;2(1):1-4.

ABSTRACT

Liver masses account for 5 to 6% of pediatric cancer, which includes hepatoblastoma (HBL) along with rare cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The most dangerous form of pediatric liver cancer is aggressive HBL, which can be characterized by chemo-resistance and multiple nodules or metastases at diagnosis, all correlating with worse clinical prognosis. Despite intensive studies and a significant improvement in overall outcomes, very little is known about the key molecular pathways which determine the aggressiveness of pediatric liver cancer. Although genetic mutations have been reported in aggressive HBL, they represent a low level (1.9% per case) and are found mainly in two genes CTNNB1 and NRF2. Over the past 5 years, our liver biology and tumor group at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center has investigated molecular signatures of aggressive HBL by examination of fresh tissue specimens, which were studied immediately after surgery to preserve the integrity of key biochemical pathways. Summarization of these high quality HBL samples discovered several critical pathways that are specific for aggressive pediatric liver cancer. These pathways include three characteristics: Conversion of tumor suppressor proteins (TSPs) by posttranslational modifications into oncogenesActivation of specific chromosomal regions, i.e., Aggressive Liver Cancer Domains (ALCDs) within many oncogenes, resulting in increased expression of oncogenesPotential epigenetic mechanisms that open chromatin structure of oncogenes via ALCDs. This commentary summarizes our key findings and discusses development of potential ALCD-based therapeutic approaches.

PMID:34447970 | PMC:PMC8386353
Liver Transplantation Is Highly Effective in Children with Irresectable Hepatoblastoma

Fetched: August 29th, 2021, 5:01am GMT by Simon Moosburner

Medicina (Kaunas). 2021 Aug 12;57(8):819. doi: 10.3390/medicina57080819.

ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives: In children, hepatoblastoma preferentially is managed by liver resection (LR). However, in irresectable cases, liver transplantation (LT) is required. The aim of our study was to compare short- and long-term results after LR and LT for the curative treatment of hepatoblastoma. Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis of all patients treated surgically for hepatoblastoma from January 2000 until December 2019 was performed. Demographic and clinical data were collected before and after surgery. The primary endpoints were disease free survival and patient survival. Results: In total, 38 patients were included into our analysis (n = 28 for LR, n = 10 for LT) with a median follow-up of 5 years. 36 patients received chemotherapy prior to surgery. Total hospital stay and intensive care unit (ICU) stay were significantly longer within the LT vs. the LR group (ICU 23 vs. 4 days, hospital stay 34 vs. 16 days, respectively; p < 0.001). Surgical complications (≤Clavien-Dindo 3a) were equally distributed in both groups (60% vs. 57%; p = 1.00). Severe complications (≥Clavien-Dindo 3a) were more frequent after LT (50% vs. 21.4%; p = 0.11). Recurrence rates were 10.7% for LR and 0% for LT at 5 years after resection or transplantation (p = 0.94). Overall, 5-year survival was 90% for LT and 96% for LR (p = 0.44). Conclusions: In irresectable cases, liver transplantation reveals excellent outcomes in children with hepatoblastoma with an acceptable number of perioperative complications.

PMID:34441025 | PMC:PMC8399470 | DOI:10.3390/medicina57080819
Genotypic Characteristics of Hepatoblastoma as Detected by Next Generation Sequencing and Their Correlation With Clinical Efficacy

Fetched: August 25th, 2021, 5:01am GMT by Huimin Hu

Front Oncol. 2021 Aug 6;11:628531. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.628531. eCollection 2021.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common malignant embryonic liver tumor type in children under 3 years of age. In the present study, the next generation sequencing (NGS) method was used to detect the genotype characteristics of HB and summarize the correlation between the common mutation genotypes noted in this disease and the clinical treatment and prognosis. The results may aid clinical prognosis and the successful application of targeted drugs.

METHODS: Initially, DNA was extracted from tumor tissue specimens and peripheral blood derived from 19 pediatric patients with HB. Subsequently, DNA panel and NGS methods were used to detect tumor diagnosis and the expression levels of treatment-associated genes, followed by the summary of genotype characteristics. In addition, in order to further assess the application of immunotherapy in HB, immunohistochemical detection of programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PDL1) was performed in combination with tumor mutation burden (TMB) and DNA mismatch repair status analysis. Furthermore, the clinical treatment effect and prognosis of the pediatric patients were statistically analyzed according to the characteristics of the genotype. Overall prognosis and prognostic analyses in different groups were performed by Kaplan-Meier and log-rank tests, respectively. Finally, expression validation and diagnostic analysis of commonly reported genes were performed in the GSE75271 dataset, which was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.

RESULTS: In the present study, certain mutated genes, including nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NFE2L2), catenin β1 (CTNNB1), MYCN, tumor protein p53, axis inhibition protein 1 (AXIN1) and adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) were associated with the pathogenesis of HB. During TMB and DNA mismatch repair status analyses, pediatric patients had a low TMB. All of them did not present with microsatellite instability. The immunohistochemical results indicated lower expression levels of PDL1 in HB. The complete remission (CR) rate of pediatric patients in the gene abnormality group was lower than that of the non-reported disease-associated gene abnormality group. The 2-year overall survival rate and disease-free survival rate of 19 pediatric patients with HB were 72.1% and 42.4%, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis demonstrated that CTNNB1, NFE2L2, AXIN1, APC, MYCN and insulin growth factor 2 (IGF2) may be potential biomarkers that could be used for the diagnosis of HB.

CONCLUSION: The genotype changes in HB were more common and the CR rate of the pediatric patients with an altered genotype was lower than that of pediatric patients without an altered genotype. In addition, pediatric patients with HB exhibited lower TMB compared with adult patients. Moreover, the data indicated that CTNNB1, NFE2L2, AXIN1, APC, MYCN and IGF2 may be potential biomarkers that can be used for the diagnosis of HB.

PMID:34426785 | PMC:PMC8379014 | DOI:10.3389/fonc.2021.628531
A Comprehensive Genomic Analysis Constructs miRNA-mRNA Interaction Network in Hepatoblastoma

Fetched: August 25th, 2021, 5:01am GMT by Tong Chen

Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Aug 6;9:655703. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.655703. eCollection 2021.

ABSTRACT

Hepatoblastoma (HB) is a rare disease but nevertheless the most common hepatic tumor in the pediatric population. For patients with advanced HB, the prognosis is dismal and there are limited therapeutic options. Multiple microRNAs (miRNAs) were reported to be involved in HB development, but the miRNA-mRNA interaction network in HB remains elusive. Through a comparison between HB and normal liver samples in the GSE131329 dataset, we detected 580 upregulated differentially expressed mRNAs (DE-mRNAs) and 790 downregulated DE-mRNAs. As for the GSE153089 dataset, the first cluster of differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) were detected between fetal-type tumor and normal liver groups, while the second cluster of DE-miRNAs were detected between embryonal-type tumor and normal liver groups. Through the intersection of these two clusters of DE-miRNAs, 33 upregulated hub miRNAs, and 12 downregulated hub miRNAs were obtained. Based on the respective hub miRNAs, the upstream transcription factors (TFs) were detected via TransmiR v2.0, while the downstream target genes were predicted via miRNet database. The intersection of target genes of respective hub miRNAs and corresponding DE-mRNAs contributed to 250 downregulated candidate genes and 202 upregulated candidate genes. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses demonstrated the upregulated candidate genes mainly enriched in the terms and pathways relating to the cell cycle. We constructed protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and obtained 211 node pairs for the downregulated candidate genes and 157 node pairs for the upregulated candidate genes. Cytoscape software was applied for visualizing the PPI network and respective top 10 hub genes were identified using CytoHubba. The expression values of hub genes in the PPI network were subsequently validated through Oncopression database followed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in HB and matched normal liver tissues, resulting in six significant downregulated genes and seven significant upregulated genes. The miRNA-mRNA interaction network was finally constructed. In conclusion, we uncover various miRNAs, TFs, and hub genes as potential regulators in HB pathogenesis. Additionally, the miRNA-mRNA interaction network, PPI modules, and pathways may provide potential biomarkers for future HB theranostics.

PMID:34422793 | PMC:PMC8377242 | DOI:10.3389/fcell.2021.655703
Hepatoblastoma

Fetched: August 20th, 2021, 5:01am GMT by Sierra R. Musick

2021 Aug 4. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2021 Jan–.

ABSTRACT

Hepatoblastomas are the most common primary malignant liver tumor in pediatric patients, occurring mostly within the first 2 years of life. The histologic types are subdivided into 2 broad categories: epithelial type and mixed type. Over the last 3 decades, the treatment has advanced with neo-adjuvant chemotherapy now the standard of care for most cases. Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy and surgical resection produce a cure rate of approximately 70%, a vast improvement over the dismal 30% cure rate in the 1970s. Prognosis is based on many factors including alpha-fetoprotein levels, age at the time of diagnosis, completeness of resection, and clinical stage of the disease.

PMID:30521216 | Bookshelf:NBK534795
Familial Adenomatous Polyposis

Fetched: August 20th, 2021, 5:01am GMT by Stephanie Carr

2021 Jul 20. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2021 Jan–.

ABSTRACT

Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) or familial polyposis coli (FPC) is an autosomal dominant polyposis syndrome with varying degrees of penetrance. If untreated, patients will develop hundreds to thousands of polyps throughout the colon and rectum. Polyps often develop in the early teens and result in a nearly 100% lifetime risk of colorectal cancer by age forty if untreated. Colectomy is necessary for a substantial reduction in the risk of developing colorectal cancer. FAP also correlates with other malignancies, including gastric, duodenal, hepatoblastoma, and desmoid tumors.

The underlying genetic defect in this disorder is a germline mutation in the APC gene. Over the years, it has been recognized that FAP has varied phenotypic expressions, including Gardner and Turcot syndromes.

PMID:30855821 | Bookshelf:NBK538233
Dextroplantation of a reduced left lateral section graft in an infant undergoing living donor liver transplantation

Fetched: August 18th, 2021, 5:01am GMT by Jung-Man Namgoong

Ann Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 2021 Aug 31;25(3):414-418. doi: 10.14701/ahbps.2021.25.3.414.

ABSTRACT

Graft size matching is essential for successful liver transplantation in infant recipients. We present our technique of graft dextroplantation used in an infant who underwent living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) using a reduced left lateral section (LLS) graft. The patient was an 11-month-old female infant weighing 7.8 kg with hepatoblastoma. She was partially responsive to systemic chemotherapy. Thus, LDLT was performed to treat the tumor. The living donor was a 34-year-old mother of the patient. After non-anatomical size reduction, the weight of the reduced LLS graft was 235 g, with a graft-to-recipient weight ratio of 3.0%. Recipient hepatectomy was performed according to the standard procedures of pediatric LDLT. At the beginning of graft implantation, the graft was temporarily placed at the abdomen to determine the implantation location. The graft portal vein was anastomosed with an interposed external iliac vein homograft. As the liver graft was not too large and it was partially accommodated in the right subphrenic fossa, thus the abdominal wall wound was primarily closed. The patient recovered uneventfully. An imaging study revealed deep accommodation of the graft within the right subphrenic fossa. The patient has been doing well for six months without any vascular complications. This case suggests that dextroplantation of a reduced LLS graft can be a useful technical option for LDLT in infant patients.

PMID:34402445 | PMC:PMC8382867 | DOI:10.14701/ahbps.2021.25.3.414
LncRNA ZFAS1: Role in tumorigenesis and other diseases

Fetched: August 14th, 2021, 5:01am GMT by Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard

Biomed Pharmacother. 2021 Aug 9;142:111999. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111999. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Residing on chromosome 20q13.13, Zinc Finger NFX1-Type Containing 1 (ZNFX1) antisense RNA 1 (ZFAS1) is a transcript which has been primarily recognized as a modulator of differentiation of alveolar and epithelial cell in the mammary gland. This long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) partakes in the molecular cascades leading to several non-neoplastic conditions such as osteoarthritis, epilepsy, rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, pulmonary fibrosis, myocardial infarction, and cardiac dysfunction. More importantly, ZFAS1 is considered as an oncogene in almost all types of cancers. Using expression amounts of ZFAS1, it is possible to forecast the clinical outcome of patients with different neoplasms such as colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, hepatoblastoma, and other types of cancer. We describe the role of ZFAS1 in the development of neoplastic and non-neoplastic disorders.

PMID:34385106 | DOI:10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111999
Childhood Liver Cancer Treatment (PDQ®): Health Professional Version

Fetched: August 11th, 2021, 5:01am GMT by PDQ Pediatric Treatment Editorial Board

2021 Aug 4. In: PDQ Cancer Information Summaries [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Cancer Institute (US); 2002–.

ABSTRACT

This PDQ cancer information summary for health professionals provides comprehensive, peer-reviewed, evidence-based information about the treatment of childhood liver cancer. It is intended as a resource to inform and assist clinicians who care for cancer patients. It does not provide formal guidelines or recommendations for making health care decisions.

This summary is reviewed regularly and updated as necessary by the PDQ Pediatric Treatment Editorial Board, which is editorially independent of the National Cancer Institute (NCI). The summary reflects an independent review of the literature and does not represent a policy statement of NCI or the National Institutes of Health (NIH).

PMID:26389232 | Bookshelf:NBK65790
The Genetic Changes of Hepatoblastoma

Fetched: August 10th, 2021, 5:01am GMT by Huitong Chen

Front Oncol. 2021 Jul 21;11:690641. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.690641. eCollection 2021.

ABSTRACT

Hepatoblastoma is the most common malignant liver cancer in childhood. The etiology of hepatoblastoma remains obscure. Hepatoblastoma is closely related to genetic syndromes, hinting that hepatoblastoma is a genetic predisposition disease. However, no precise exposures or genetic events are reported to hepatoblastoma occurrence. During the past decade, significant advances have been made in the understanding of etiology leading to hepatoblastoma, and several important genetic events that appear to be important for the development and progression of this tumor have been identified. Advances in our understanding of the genetic changes that underlie hepatoblastoma may translate into better patient outcomes. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been generally applied in the research of etiology's exploration, disease treatment, and prognosis assessment. Here, we reviewed and discussed the molecular epidemiology, especially SNPs progresses in hepatoblastoma, to provide references for future studies and promote the study of hepatoblastoma's etiology.

PMID:34367972 | PMC:PMC8335155 | DOI:10.3389/fonc.2021.690641
Integration of a dedicated management protocol in the care of pediatric liver cancer: From specialized providers to complication reduction

Fetched: August 10th, 2021, 5:01am GMT by Richard S Whitlock

J Pediatr Surg. 2021 Jul 24:S0022-3468(21)00522-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2021.07.012. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Up to a third of children undergoing partial hepatectomy for primary hepatic malignancies experience at least one perioperative complication, with a presumed deleterious effect on both short- and long-term outcomes. We implemented a multidisciplinary treatment protocol in the management of these patients in order to improve complication rates following partial hepatectomy.

METHODS: A retrospective chart review was completed for all patients < 18 years of age who underwent liver resection at our institution between 2002 and 2019 for primary hepatic cancer. Demographic, intraoperative, postoperative, pathologic, and outcome data were analyzed for perioperative complications using the CLASSIC and Clavien-Dindo (CD) scales, event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS).

RESULTS: A total of 73 patients were included in the analysis with 33 prior-to and 40 after dedicated provider protocol implementation. Perioperative complication rates decreased from 52% to 20% (p = 0.005) with major complications going from 18% to 10% (p = 0.31). On multivariable logistic regression, protocol implementation was associated with a reduction in any (OR 0.29 [95% CI 0.09 - 0.89]) but not major complications. On multivariate cox models, post protocol implementation was associated with improved event free survival (EFS) (HR 0.19 (0.036 - 0.195). Among patients with a diagnosis of hepatoblastoma (n = 62), the occurrence of a major perioperative complication was associated with a worse EFS (HR=5.45, p = 0.03) on multivariate analysis, however this did not translate into an impact on overall survival.

CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that, for children with primary liver malignancies, a dedication of patients to high-volume surgeons can improve rates of complications of liver resections and may improve the oncological outcome of hepatoblastoma.

PMID:34366130 | DOI:10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2021.07.012
Development of a Selective Tumor-Targeted Drug Delivery System: Hydroxypropyl-Acrylamide Polymer-Conjugated Pirarubicin (P-THP) for Pediatric Solid Tumors

Fetched: August 8th, 2021, 5:01am GMT by Atsushi Makimoto

Cancers (Basel). 2021 Jul 23;13(15):3698. doi: 10.3390/cancers13153698.

ABSTRACT

Most pediatric cancers are highly chemo-sensitive, and cytotoxic chemotherapy has always been the mainstay of treatment. Anthracyclines are highly effective against most types of childhood cancer, such as neuroblastoma, hepatoblastoma, nephroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, and so forth. However, acute and chronic cardiotoxicity, one of the major disadvantages of anthracycline use, limits their utility and effectiveness. Hydroxypropyl acrylamide polymer-conjugated pirarubicin (P-THP), which targets tumor tissue highly selectively via the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, and secondarily releases active pirarubicin molecules quickly into the acidic environment surrounding the tumor. Although, the latter rarely occurs in the non-acidic environment surrounding normal tissue. This mechanism has the potential to minimize acute and chronic toxicities, including cardiotoxicity, as well as maximize the efficacy of chemotherapy through synergy with tumor-targeting accumulation of the active molecules and possible dose-escalation. Simply replacing doxorubicin with P-THP in a given regimen can improve outcomes in anthracycline-sensitive pediatric cancers with little risk of adverse effects, such as cardiotoxicity. As cancer is a dynamic disease showing intra-tumoral heterogeneity during its course, continued parallel development of cytotoxic agents and molecular targeting agents is necessary to find potentially more effective treatments.

PMID:34359599 | PMC:PMC8345214 | DOI:10.3390/cancers13153698
Propofol Suppresses Cell Progression by Inhibiting CCL18 Expression in Hepatoblastoma

Fetched: August 7th, 2021, 5:01am GMT by Hua Zhang

J Oncol. 2021 Jul 26;2021:6880473. doi: 10.1155/2021/6880473. eCollection 2021.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Propofol is an anesthetic commonly used clinically and has been found to have antitumor activity in various cancers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of propofol in hepatoblastoma (HB).

METHODS: CCK-8 and transwell were used to measure cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in HB cells. Cell apoptosis rate was measured by FCM. The expression of CCL18 in HB tissues and cells was detected by RT-qPCR. Western blotting was used to explore the protein expression of CCK18- and PI3K/AKT-related proteins.

RESULTS: The expression of CCL18 in HB tissues and cells was overexpressed compared with control groups. CCL18 knockdown was found to notably block cell proliferation and progression, while enhancing cell apoptosis in HuH-6 and HepT1 cells. Furthermore, propofol suppressed the proliferation of HB cells in a dose-dependent manner. According to the results, we chose 5 μg/mL of propofol-treated cells for 48 hours as the subsequent experimental conditions. We found that propofol (5 μg/mL, 48 h) significantly blocked cell migration and invasion, but induced cell apoptosis in HuH-6 and HepT1 cells. In addition, CCK18 overexpression facilitated cell progression in HB cells, while propofol dramatically suppressed the effect of CCK18. Besides that, propofol suppressed the PI3K/AKT pathway.

CONCLUSION: Propofol suppressed the development of HB cells by inhibiting CCK18 expression and the PI3K/AKT pathway. Therefore, we infer that propofol plays a role in the treatment of HB.

PMID:34354751 | PMC:PMC8331318 | DOI:10.1155/2021/6880473
Babao Dan is a robust anti-tumor agent via inhibiting wnt/β-catenin activation and cancer cell stemness

Fetched: August 1st, 2021, 5:01am GMT by Xinxin Xie

J Ethnopharmacol. 2021 Jul 28;280:114449. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114449. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is being increasingly used worldwide due to its diverse efficacy and relatively low side effects. Babao Dan (BBD) is a well-known TCM formula that is currently used for the effective treatment of various cancers, however its underlying molecular mechanism remains unknown.

AIM OF THE STUDY: Tumor growth and tumor recurrence are characterized by two distinct populations of cells, namely the well-differentiated cancer cells composing the majority of tumor bulk, and cancer stem cells (CSCs) involved in tumor relapse, which are both strongly associated with excessive activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Our study aims to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with the anti-tumor proliferative effects of Babao Dan (BBD).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used a hepatoblastoma cell line HepG2 with stem cell-like traits that harbors a constitutively active mutant of β-catenin in order to study the anti-tumor ability of BBD via targeting Wnt/β-catenin signaling.

RESULTS: BBD robustly attenuated both the intrinsic and extrinsic activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in HepG2 hepatoblastoma cells, as well as Wnt target genes. Moreover, BBD significantly inhibited both the proliferation of well-differentiated cancer cells, as well as the stem-like property of CSCs as evidenced by EpCAM, a Wnt target gene and a novel marker of cancer cell stemness. In addition, mice administered with BBD using HepG2 cell line derived xenograft model had marked reductions in tumor size and weight, as well as significantly decreased expressions of Wnt target genes and cancer cell stemness.

CONCLUSION: Our findings elucidated the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with the robust anti-tumor effects of BBD via potent inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and implicate its use in the clinical treatment of cancers.

PMID:34332067 | DOI:10.1016/j.jep.2021.114449

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