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Google - Acinic Cell Carcinoma
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Salivary Gland Cancer: Overview and More - Verywell Health
Posted: September 13th, 2021, 11:59am GMT
Salivary Gland Cancer: Overview and More Verywell Health -
Sinus Cancer: Overview and More - Verywell Health
Posted: August 26th, 2021, 2:03pm GMT
Sinus Cancer: Overview and More Verywell Health -
Expression analysis of MIST1 and EMT markers - IJGM | IJGM - Dove Medical Press
Posted: April 14th, 2021, 5:00am GMT
Expression analysis of MIST1 and EMT markers - IJGM | IJGM Dove Medical Press -
Pet rescuer with chronic illness wins award for rehoming hundreds of kittens - Mirror Online
Posted: March 7th, 2020, 6:00am GMT
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Tiffany Cohen Lalonde's Son Daniel Diagnosed With Cancer: Fighting Fund Launched - Swimming World Magazine
Posted: February 22nd, 2020, 6:00am GMT
Tiffany Cohen Lalonde's Son Daniel Diagnosed With Cancer: Fighting Fund Launched Swimming World Magazine -
Salivary gland cancer: Symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment - Medical News Today
Posted: September 30th, 2019, 5:00am GMT
Salivary gland cancer: Symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment Medical News Today -
Head and Neck Cancer: Famous People Who've Had It - WebMD
Posted: September 30th, 2019, 5:00am GMT
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Acinic Cell Carcinoma - News-Medical.net
Posted: June 18th, 2019, 5:00am GMT
Acinic Cell Carcinoma News-Medical.net -
Acinic Cell Carcinoma - News-Medical.net
Posted: June 18th, 2019, 5:00am GMT
Acinic Cell Carcinoma News-Medical.net -
बोर्ड परीक्षा में फेल छात्र की आत्महत्या से आहत IAS ने फेसबुक पर डाली अपनी मार्कशीट , कहा- यह सिर्फ ए
Posted: May 16th, 2019, 5:00am GMT
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Robyn Lawley attends Fashion Week in Sydney after losing her father to cancer - Daily Mail
Posted: May 14th, 2019, 5:00am GMT
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Robyn Lawley discusses her firefighter father's tragic battle with cancer - Daily Mail
Posted: May 12th, 2019, 5:00am GMT
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Commissioner Julie Carson Diagnosed With Rare Form of Cancer - SouthFloridaGayNews.com
Posted: February 21st, 2019, 6:00am GMT
Commissioner Julie Carson Diagnosed With Rare Form of Cancer SouthFloridaGayNews.com -
Genetic causes of tumors in salivary glands - Science Daily
Posted: January 30th, 2019, 6:00am GMT
Genetic causes of tumors in salivary glands Science Daily -
What are Carcinomas? - News-Medical.net
Posted: December 12th, 2018, 6:00am GMT
What are Carcinomas? News-Medical.net -
Conventional Views May Not Apply to All Triple-Negative Breast Cancers - Targeted Oncology
Posted: December 11th, 2018, 6:00am GMT
Conventional Views May Not Apply to All Triple-Negative Breast Cancers Targeted Oncology -
Surgical margin should guide adjuvant radiation use for osteosarcomas of head and neck - Healio
Posted: November 10th, 2017, 6:00am GMT
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Combination of traditional chemotherapy, new drug kills rare cancer cells in mice - Science Daily
Posted: August 16th, 2017, 5:00am GMT
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The Spectrum of Triple-Negative Breast Disease - Am J Pathology
Posted: July 20th, 2017, 5:00am GMT
The Spectrum of Triple-Negative Breast Disease Am J Pathology -
Overexpression of PD-L2 is associated with shorter relapse-free surviv | OTT - Dove Medical Press
Posted: June 13th, 2017, 5:00am GMT
Overexpression of PD-L2 is associated with shorter relapse-free surviv | OTT Dove Medical Press -
Scientists find potential treatment for 'painful blindness' form of dry eye - Science Daily
Posted: August 18th, 2016, 5:00am GMT
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Beauty advisor shares tips with three cancer sufferers on how to stay looking their best - Mirror.co.uk
Posted: May 11th, 2016, 5:00am GMT
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Punter Adam Podlesh thankful for his family - Rochester Democrat and Chronicle
Posted: November 25th, 2015, 6:00am GMT
Punter Adam Podlesh thankful for his family Rochester Democrat and Chronicle -
Next-Generation Agents in Development for NSCLC - Targeted Oncology
Posted: August 3rd, 2015, 5:00am GMT
Next-Generation Agents in Development for NSCLC Targeted Oncology -
Enzyme in saliva helps regulate blood glucose - Science Daily
Posted: April 4th, 2012, 5:00am GMT
Enzyme in saliva helps regulate blood glucose Science Daily -
Obstacles and consistency written into Tim Sirk's legacy - KPCnews.com
Posted: March 26th, 2010, 5:00am GMT
PubMed - Acinic Cell Carcinoma
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Hematological Paraneoplastic Syndrome and Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia in Untreated Parotid Acinic Cell Carcinoma - A Case Report
Fetched: September 16th, 2021, 5:00am GMT by Suthaharan Ragulan
Ann Maxillofac Surg. 2021 Jan-Jun;11(1):152-155. doi: 10.4103/ams.ams_121_13. Epub 2021 Apr 15.
ABSTRACT
RATIONALE: Acinic cell carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and indolent malignancy commonly found in the parotid gland. This can give rise to paraneoplastic syndromes, which represent the clinical manifestations of indirect and remote events produced by tumour metabolites.
PATIENT CONCERNS: A 38-year-old Afro-Caribbean female suffered an indolent parotid mass. She only presented to our tertiary center when it started to ulcerate and bleed.
DIAGNOSIS: She was diagnosed with advanced parotid ACC. She also went on to develop an hematological paraneoplastic syndrome resulting in venous thrombi. This was complicated by her developing heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT).
TREATMENT: A difficult multidisciplinary decision was made to proceed with surgery despite her extremely poor condition.
OUTCOMES: After the surgery, the patient made a full recovery.
TAKE-AWAY LESSONS: ACC is a relatively uncommon and indolent malignancy that is usually found in the parotid gland. It can be associated with a hematological paraneoplastic syndrome and further complicated by iatrogenic HIT.
PMID:34522673 | PMC:PMC8407609 | DOI:10.4103/ams.ams_121_13
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NR4A3 Immunostain Is a Highly Sensitive and Specific Marker for Acinic Cell Carcinoma in Cytologic and Surgical Specimens
Fetched: September 12th, 2021, 5:00am GMT by Kartik Viswanathan
Am J Clin Pathol. 2021 Sep 11:aqab099. doi: 10.1093/ajcp/aqab099. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: Salivary gland acinic cell carcinoma (AciCC) has recognizable cytomorphologic features that can overlap with benign and malignant entities, creating a diagnostic challenge. AciCC harbors a t(4;9) translocation increasing nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 3 (NR4A3) expression, detectable by immunohistochemistry (IHC) on surgical resection (SR). NR4A3 IHC cytology data are limited. Here, we examine NR4A3 IHC on smears, cell blocks (CBs), and SRs of AciCC and its mimickers.
METHODS: Our cohort comprised AciCC (including high-grade transformation), secretory carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), Warthin tumor, pleomorphic adenoma (PA), cellular PA, carcinoma ex-PA, oncocytic carcinoma, oncocytoma, and nodular oncocytosis. NR4A3 IHC (Santa Cruz Biotechnology and Origene antibodies) was positive if more than 5% tumor cells showed nuclear staining.
RESULTS: Among CBs, 90% of AciCC cases and none of the mimickers expressed NR4A3. Among SRs, 100% of AciCC cases showed diffuse NR4A3, whereas one high-grade MEC expressed focal NR4A3. Concordance was 95% with two antibody clones. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 90%, 100%, 100%, and 94.7% for CBs and 100%, 98.8%, 92.3%, and 100% for SRs, respectively. NR4A3 immunostaining was demonstrable on smears from an AciCC case.
CONCLUSIONS: NR4A3 IHC can be a robust diagnostic tool to identify AciCC, especially for cytology specimens.
PMID:34508546 | DOI:10.1093/ajcp/aqab099
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Salivary Gland Cancers
Fetched: September 12th, 2021, 5:00am GMT by Vatche Tchekmedyian
Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2021 Oct;35(5):973-990. doi: 10.1016/j.hoc.2021.05.011.
ABSTRACT
Salivary gland carcinomas are a rare and heterogenous group of cancers with varying underlying biology and clinical behavior. A quickly evolving body of data has advanced the understanding of these tumors, leading to effective therapeutics for several histologic subtypes. Biologically rational clinical trials have developed from an understanding of MYB and NOTCH signaling in adenoid cystic carcinoma. The recognition of androgen receptor signaling and HER2-targeted therapy has offered therapeutic options in non-ACC salivary cancers. The use of TRK inhibitors in salivary secretory carcinoma has led to exceptional responses. Immunotherapy is an exciting new therapeutic avenue that requires further exploration.
PMID:34503735 | DOI:10.1016/j.hoc.2021.05.011
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Primary pure pancreatic-type acinar cell carcinoma of the stomach
Fetched: September 10th, 2021, 5:00am GMT by Shunsuke Uno
Pathol Int. 2021 Sep 9. doi: 10.1111/pin.13164. Online ahead of print.
NO ABSTRACT
PMID:34499781 | DOI:10.1111/pin.13164
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Bcl-10, trypsin and synaptophysin helps recognize acinar cell and mixed acinar neuroendocrine cell carcinoma of the pancreas on both preoperative cytological samples and needle biopsy specimens
Fetched: September 5th, 2021, 5:00am GMT by Erminia Manfrin
Pathol Res Pract. 2021 Aug 24;226:153593. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153593. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Acinar cell carcinoma (ACC) of the pancreas are known to be rare and difficult to be recognize because they mimic other unrelated tumors (neuroendocrine, solid pseudopapillary) with different clinical behavior. Especially in the setting of inoperable patients, fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), core needle biopsy (FNAB) and immunocyto/histochemistry (ICC/IHC) play a crucial role in the differential diagnosis. The biological material available for ICC tests obtained by minimal invasive procedures is usually limited. Aim of the current study was to evaluate diagnostic panel based on a limited number of ICC markers for typing preoperatively ACC of the pancreas.
METHODS: Of 1820 needle sampling procedures performed and related to pancreatic lesions, 21 cases were extracted with a confirmed diagnosis of ACC on histology. Of them,12 were pure ACC and 9 mixed acinar-neuroendocrine carcinoma (MANEC). Smears of ACC, MANEC and a control group composed of 34neuroendocrine, 7solid pseudopapillary, 50ductal and 4 adenosquamous carcinoma were assessed with an ICC panel made up of BCL10, trypsin, synaptophysin, chromograninA, β-catenin.
RESULTS: On cytology, BCL10 sensitivity and specificity for ACC was 100%. Trypsin correctly recognized 90% of the cases. Synaptophysin was helpful to correctly identify all the cases with a mixed neuroendocrine component. No significant cross-reaction was observed between BCL10 and trypsin in any of the control group case.
CONCLUSIONS: BCL10 is a determinant marker for the diagnosis of acinar cell carcinoma and mixed acinar neuroendocrine cell carcinoma of the pancreas in a pre-operative citologic/histologic setting.
PMID:34481211 | DOI:10.1016/j.prp.2021.153593
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Genomic analysis of circulating tumor cells in adenosquamous carcinoma of the prostate: a case report
Fetched: September 5th, 2021, 5:00am GMT by Junji Kitamura
BMC Med Genomics. 2021 Sep 3;14(1):217. doi: 10.1186/s12920-021-01068-w.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Adenosquamous carcinoma of the prostate (ASCP) is an extremely rare and aggressive prostate cancer variant, whose genomic characteristics have not been elucidated. Although liquid biopsy of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is an emerging topic in oncology, no study has assessed CTCs in patients with ASCP.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 76-year-old man presented with discomfort in his urethra. His prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level was 13.37 ng/mL. A computed tomography (CT) scan indicated a prostate mass with multiple lymph node and lung metastases. The patient underwent transurethral resection of the prostate and prostatic needle biopsy; both specimens demonstrated Gleason grade group 5 acinar adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Bone scintigraphy indicated bone metastasis in the ischium. Combined androgen blockade was implemented, and his serum PSA level rapidly decreased to 0.01 ng/mL. However, a CT scan 6 months after the initial diagnosis revealed worsening of the disease. The patient therefore underwent repeated prostatic needle biopsy; its specimen demonstrated prostatic adenocarcinoma together with squamous carcinoma components. As immunohistochemical analyses showed the tumor cells to be negative for CD56, chromogranin A, synaptophysin, and PSA, the definitive diagnosis was ASCP. Although the patient underwent chemotherapy (docetaxel and cabazitaxel), he died of the disease 3 months after the diagnosis of ASCP, or 13 months after the initial diagnosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma. His PSA values remained ≤ 0.2 ng/mL. CTCs from the patient's blood (collected before starting docetaxel) were analyzed and genomically assessed. It showed 5 cytokeratin (CK)+ CTCs, 14 CK- CTCs, and 8 CTC clusters, per 10 mL. Next-generation sequencing identified a total of 14 mutations in 8 oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes: PIK3CB, APC, CDKN2A, PTEN, BRCA2, RB1, TP53, and CDK12. Of 14 mutations, 9 (64%) were detected on CK- CTCs and 5 (36%) were detected on CK+ CTCs.
CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of CTC analysis and genomic assessment in ASCP. Although the prognosis of ASCP is dismal due to lack of effective treatment, genomic analysis of CTCs might lead to effective treatment options and improved survival.
PMID:34479548 | PMC:PMC8418023 | DOI:10.1186/s12920-021-01068-w
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Intraductal neoplasms of the pancreas
Fetched: September 1st, 2021, 5:00am GMT by Irene Esposito
Pathologe. 2021 Sep;42(5):472-483. doi: 10.1007/s00292-021-00966-1. Epub 2021 Aug 17.
ABSTRACT
The latest WHO classification of tumors of the digestive system (2019) has introduced new concepts for the stratification of intraductal neoplasms of the pancreas, mostly based on molecular genetics and malignant potential. Among them, pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias (PanINs) and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) are both precursors of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, whereas intraductal oncocytic papillary neoplasms (IOPN) and intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasms (ITPN) are usually associated with less aggressive subtypes of pancreatic cancer and therefore have a much better prognosis. Hence, it is of utmost importance to correctly classify these lesions and to distinguish them from each other as well as from other nonductal types of neoplasms, which can rarely display an intraductal growth, such as neuroendocrine tumors and acinar cell carcinomas. PanIN are microscopic lesions with limited clinical significance. In contrast, all other intraductal neoplasms can be identified as cystic processes and/or solid tumors by means of imaging, thereby setting an indication for a potential surgical resection. This review presents diagnostically relevant aspects of intraductal neoplasms of the pancreas, which are instrumental for the discussion within interdisciplinary tumor boards (resection vs. watch-and-wait strategies) as well as to determine the extent of resection intraoperatively.
PMID:34402978 | DOI:10.1007/s00292-021-00966-1
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Triple-negative breast carcinomas of low malignant potential: review on diagnostic criteria and differential diagnoses
Fetched: August 31st, 2021, 5:00am GMT by L Cima
Virchows Arch. 2021 Aug 30. doi: 10.1007/s00428-021-03174-7. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
Triple-negative breast carcinomas constitute a wide spectrum of lesions, mostly being highly aggressive. Nevertheless, some special histologic subtypes can have low malignant potential. The purpose of the present paper is to review diagnostic criteria and prognostic parameters of breast neoplasms of special histotypes. Specifically, adenoid cystic carcinoma, adenomyoepithelioma, acinic cell carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, tall cell carcinoma with reverse polarity, and secretory carcinoma will be discussed. For each tumour, definition and morphological and molecular features, together with prognostic parameters, will be presented. Paradigmatic cases will be illustrated.
PMID:34458945 | DOI:10.1007/s00428-021-03174-7
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High-grade salivary gland cancer: is surgery followed by radiotherapy an adequate treatment to reach tumor control? Results from a tertiary referral centre focussing on incidence and management of distant metastases
Fetched: August 27th, 2021, 5:00am GMT by Viola Freitag
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Aug 26. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-07024-9. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Salivary Gland cancer (SGC) is a rare and heterogenous group of tumors. Standard therapeutic options achieve high local but poor distant control rates, especially in high-grade SGC. The aim of this monocentric study was to evaluate patterns of recurrence and its treatment options (local ablative vs. systemic) in a homogenously treated patient population with high-grade SGC after surgery and radio(chemo)therapy.
METHODS: Monocentric, retrospective study of patients with newly diagnosed high-grade salivary gland cancer. We retrospectively reviewed clinical reports from 69 patients with high-grade salivary gland cancer in a single-center audit. Survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and prognostic variables were analyzed (univariate analysis: log-rank test; multivariate analysis: Cox regression analysis).
RESULTS: The median time of follow-up was 31 months. After 5 years, the cumulative overall survival was 65.2%, cumulative incidence of local recurrence was 7.2%, whereas the cumulative incidence of distant metastases was 43.5% after 5 years. 30 of 69 patients developed distant metastases during the time of follow-up, especially patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma, salivary duct carcinoma, adenocarcinoma NOS and acinic cell carcinoma with high-grade transformation. The most common type of therapy therefore was chemotherapy (50%). 85.7% of patients with local ablative therapy of distant metastases show disease progression during follow-up afterwards.
CONCLUSION: With surgery and radio-chemotherapy, a high rate of loco-regional control is reached, but over 40% of patients develop distant metastases in the further follow-up which usually present a diffuse pattern involving in a diffuse metastases. Therefore, in the future, intensified interdisciplinary combination therapies even in the first-line treatment in certain subtypes of high-grade SGC should be investigated.
PMID:34436631 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-07024-9
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4H12, a Murine Monoclonal Antibody Directed against Myosin Heavy Chain-9 Expressed on Acinar Cell Carcinoma of Pancreas with Potential Therapeutic Application
Fetched: August 25th, 2021, 5:00am GMT by Sima Balouchi-Anaraki
Iran Biomed J. 2021 Sep 1;25(5):310-22. doi: 10.52547/ibj.25.5.310.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma (PACC) is a rare type of pancreatic exocrine neoplasm that is frequently diagnosed at late stages with a high rate of metastasis. Identification of new biomarkers for PACC can improve our knowledge of its biology, early detection, or targeted therapy. In this study, hybridoma technology was used to generate mAbs against Faraz-ICR, a pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma cell line.
METHODS: Cell ELISA and flow cytometry were used for screening, and the 4H12 hybridoma clone was selected for further analysis. The 4H12 mAb was specific for myosin heavy chain-9 (MYH9) as determined by Immunoprecipitation, Western blot, and mass spectrometry.
RESULTS: This antibody reacted variably with other cancer cells, in comparison to Faraz-ICR cell. Besides, by immunohistochemical staining, the acinar cell tumor, which was the source of Faraz-ICR, showed high MYH9 expression. Among 21 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cases, nine (42.8%) expressed MYH9 with low intensity, while 10 (47.8%) and 2 (9.5%) cases expressed MYH9 with moderate to strong intensities, respectively. The 4H12 mAb inhibited the proliferation of Faraz-ICR cells in a dose-dependent manner from 0.75 to 12.5 μg/ml concentrations (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.002). IC50 values were achieved at 12.09 ± 4.19 µg/ml and 7.74 ± 4.28 µg/ml after 24- and 48-h treatment, respectively.
CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that the 4H12 mAb can serve as a tool for investigating the role of MYH9 pancreatic cancer biology and prognosis.
PMID:34425650 | DOI:10.52547/ibj.25.5.310
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Sclerosing Polycystic Adenoma: Conclusive Clinical and Molecular Evidence of Its Neoplastic Nature
Fetched: August 20th, 2021, 5:00am GMT by Juan C Hernandez-Prera
Head Neck Pathol. 2021 Aug 19. doi: 10.1007/s12105-021-01374-w. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
Sclerosing polycystic adenosis, initially considered a non-neoplastic salivary gland lesion and classified as such in the 2017 WHO Classification of Head and Neck Tumors, has been the subject of controversy regarding its possible neoplastic nature. The reporting of recurrent PI3K pathway alteration represents evidence to support these lesions as being neoplastic and more appropriately referred to as sclerosing polycystic adenoma (SPA). Herein, we provide additional evidence that supports the classification of SPA as a true neoplasm. Eight cases of SPA were identified in our database and consultation files. All cases were subjected to PTEN immunohistochemistry (IHC) and next-generation sequencing (NGS). In addition, one patient underwent genetic counseling and germline testing. The cases included 5 men and 3 women with a mean age of 41 years (range 11-78) and all tumors arose in the parotid gland. One patient had multiple recurrences over a period of 2 years. Morphologically the tumors were circumscribed and characterized by an admixture of acini, ducts and cysts embedded in a fibrotic/sclerotic stroma. The cells lining the ducts and cysts showed variable granular, vacuolated, foamy and apocrine cytoplasmic features, as well as acinar cells contained intracytoplasmic brightly eosinophilic granules. The apocrine intraductal proliferations showed mild to moderate atypia in 6 cases. One case showed overt malignant morphology that ranged from intraductal carcinoma to invasive salivary duct carcinoma. Seven cases tested for PTEN IHC showed loss of nuclear expression in the acinar and ductal cells with retained PTEN expression in the myoepithelial cell and stroma. NGS detected PIK3CA or PIK3R1 genetic alterations in 7 cases, including a novel TFG-PIK3CA fusion. Coexisting PTEN mutations were seen in 4 cases, including in a patient with clinical stigmata of Cowden syndrome and confirmed by germline genetic testing. Our findings herein documented including recurrence of tumor, malignant transformation, high prevalence of PI3K pathway oncogenic alterations and the possible heretofore undescribed association with Cowden syndrome add support to classifying SPA as true neoplasms justifying their designation as adenoma, rather than adenosis.
PMID:34410594 | DOI:10.1007/s12105-021-01374-w
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Rare pancreatic tumors
Fetched: August 18th, 2021, 5:00am GMT by M Hämmerle
Pathologe. 2021 Sep;42(5):484-490. doi: 10.1007/s00292-021-00967-0. Epub 2021 Aug 17.
ABSTRACT
Beyond pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, which is by far the most frequent pancreatic neoplasm, a great variety of tumors occur in the pancreas. They include solid and cystic masses and epithelial and nonepithelial neoplasms, and they show a great diversity in their biological behavior, ranging from benign tumors to highly aggressive neoplasms. As examples of rare pancreatic tumors, clinical, morphological, and molecular aspects of acinar cell carcinoma, pancreatoblastoma, solid pseudopapillary neoplasm, and serous cystic neoplasms are presented and discussed.
PMID:34402979 | DOI:10.1007/s00292-021-00967-0
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Cytopathology of acinic cell carcinoma: A study of 50 cases, including 9 with high-grade transformation
Fetched: August 12th, 2021, 5:00am GMT by Paul E Wakely
Cancer Cytopathol. 2021 Aug 11. doi: 10.1002/cncy.22496. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Although largely readily recognizable in tissue sections, acinic cell carcinoma (ACC) remains diagnostically problematic in fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytopathology. The authors undertook an analysis of a large series of ACC aspirates, including acinic cell carcinoma with high-grade transformation (ACC-HGT).
METHODS: The authors searched their cytopathology files for ACC cases with histopathologic confirmation. FNA biopsy was performed according to standard techniques.
RESULTS: Fifty FNA biopsy cases of ACC (including 36 of parotid origin [72%]) from 41 patients (female to male ratio, 1.4:1; age range, 23-84 years; average, 54 years) met the study inclusion requirements. Primary neoplasm aspirates were most common (72%), and they were followed by recurrent tumors (16%) and metastases (12%). A precise cytologic diagnosis was made for 64%. Three of 9 ACC-HGT cases (33%) were correctly interpreted as such; 98% of conventional ACC cases were correctly graded as low-grade. With the Milan classification system, 74% fit into the malignant category. Ancillary testing was performed for only 36%. Conventional ACC had moderately to highly cellular smears; monotonous cells in aggregates and single forms; rounded nuclei; and microvacuolated, finely granular, oncocyte-like, or nonspecific cytoplasm. ACC-HGT smears contained larger nuclei, high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratios, coarse nuclear chromatin, and a loss of cytoplasmic granules/vacuoles.
CONCLUSIONS: A correct diagnosis of ACC via FNA biopsy was made in almost two-thirds of the cases. With the Milan classification, 84% of the cases would have been classified as malignant or suspicious for malignancy. An absence of conventional serous acinar cell morphology in some cases as well as an absence of ancillary immunohistochemistry testing in almost two-thirds of the cases prevented even better diagnostic performance.
PMID:34379894 | DOI:10.1002/cncy.22496
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Dataset for the reporting of carcinoma of the exocrine pancreas: recommendations from the International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting (ICCR)
Fetched: August 12th, 2021, 5:00am GMT by Caroline Verbeke
Histopathology. 2021 Aug 11. doi: 10.1111/his.14540. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Current guidelines for the pathology reporting on pancreatic cancer differ in certain aspects, resulting in divergent reporting practice and a lack of comparability of data. Here we report on a new international dataset for the pathology reporting of resection specimens with cancer of the exocrine pancreas (ductal adenocarcinoma and acinar cell carcinoma). The dataset was produced under the auspices of the International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting (ICCR), a global alliance of major (inter-)national pathology and cancer organisations.
METHODS AND RESULTS: According to the ICCR's rigorous process for dataset development, an international expert panel consisting of pancreatic pathologists, a pancreatic surgeon and an oncologist produced a set of core and non-core data items based on a critical review and discussion of current evidence. Commentary was provided for each data item to explain the rationale for selecting it as a core or non-core element, its clinical relevance, and to highlight potential areas of disagreement or lack of evidence, in which case a consensus position was formulated. Following international public consultation, the document was finalised and ratified, and the dataset, which includes a synoptic reporting guide, was published on the ICCR website.
CONCLUSIONS: This first international dataset for cancer of the exocrine pancreas is intended to promote high quality, standardised pathology reporting. Its widespread adoption will improve consistency of reporting, facilitate multidisciplinary communication and enhance comparability of data, all of which will help to improve the management of pancreatic cancer patients.
PMID:34379823 | DOI:10.1111/his.14540
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REG3A/REG3B promotes acinar to ductal metaplasia through binding to EXTL3 and activating the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK signaling pathway
Fetched: August 12th, 2021, 5:00am GMT by Huairong Zhang
Commun Biol. 2021 Jun 7;4(1):688. doi: 10.1038/s42003-021-02193-z.
ABSTRACT
Persistent acinar to ductal metaplasia (ADM) is a recently recognized precursor of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Here we show that the ADM area of human pancreas tissue adjacent to PDAC expresses significantly higher levels of regenerating protein 3A (REG3A). Exogenous REG3A and its mouse homolog REG3B induce ADM in the 3D culture of primary human and murine acinar cells, respectively. Both Reg3b transgenic mice and REG3B-treated mice with caerulein-induced pancreatitis develop and sustain ADM. Two out of five Reg3b transgenic mice with caerulein-induced pancreatitis show progression from ADM to pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN). Both in vitro and in vivo ADM models demonstrate activation of the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK signaling pathway. Exostosin-like glycosyltransferase 3 (EXTL3) functions as the receptor for REG3B and mediates the activation of downstream signaling proteins. Our data indicates that REG3A/REG3B promotes persistent ADM through binding to EXTL3 and activating the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK signaling pathway. Targeting REG3A/REG3B, its receptor EXTL3, or other downstream molecules could interrupt the ADM process and prevent early PDAC carcinogenesis.
PMID:34099862 | PMC:PMC8184755 | DOI:10.1038/s42003-021-02193-z
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Tumor-to-Tumor Metastasis: Lung Adenocarcinoma as a Recipient of Metastasis from Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report
Fetched: August 9th, 2021, 5:00am GMT by Diana Caballero
Am J Case Rep. 2021 Aug 8;22:e932012. doi: 10.12659/AJCR.932012.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND The occurrence of metastasis from one neoplasm to another is known as tumor-to-tumor metastasis (TTM). It is a rare phenomenon in the natural history of any neoplasm, with approximately 100 cases reported in the literature to date. The lungs are the most frequent metastatic tumor donors and kidney cancer is the most common recipient. However, the opposite phenomenon (lung adenocarcinoma as a recipient of metastasis from renal carcinoma) has not been previously reported in the literature. CASE REPORT We present the case of a man with a history of multiple neoplasms. He had a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in 2006, a left papillary renal cell carcinoma (RCC) type 2 in 2006, and an acinar adenocarcinoma of the prostate in 2011. A follow-up computed tomography scan in July 2019 showed a suspicious lung nodule on the left upper lobe and a retroperitoneal hypermetabolic mass on the positron emission tomography scan. The lung nodule and retroperitoneal mass biopsies were consistent with a primary lung adenocarcinoma with a lepidic pattern and a metastatic RCC, respectively. In January 2020, he underwent a thoracoscopic left upper lobectomy and a mediastinal lymph node dissection. Histopathological evaluation revealed a 2-cm nodule composed of a lung adenocarcinoma with an intratumoral metastasis from a papillary RCC. To date, the patient has stable renal neoplastic metastatic disease and no locoregional recurrences of the lung adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSIONS Metastasis from one primary tumor to another primary tumor is an extremely unusual event. We report one of the first cases of an RCC metastasis to a primary lung adenocarcinoma.
PMID:34365458 | PMC:PMC8363656 | DOI:10.12659/AJCR.932012
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Differential Expression of Peroxisomal Proteins in Distinct Types of Parotid Gland Tumors
Fetched: August 8th, 2021, 5:00am GMT by Malin Tordis Meyer
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jul 23;22(15):7872. doi: 10.3390/ijms22157872.
ABSTRACT
Salivary gland cancers are rare but aggressive tumors that have poor prognosis and lack effective cure. Of those, parotid tumors constitute the majority. Functioning as metabolic machinery contributing to cellular redox balance, peroxisomes have emerged as crucial players in tumorigenesis. Studies on murine and human cells have examined the role of peroxisomes in carcinogenesis with conflicting results. These studies either examined the consequences of altered peroxisomal proliferators or compared their expression in healthy and neoplastic tissues. None, however, examined such differences exclusively in human parotid tissue or extended comparison to peroxisomal proteins and their associated gene expressions. Therefore, we examined differences in peroxisomal dynamics in parotid tumors of different morphologies. Using immunofluorescence and quantitative PCR, we compared the expression levels of key peroxisomal enzymes and proliferators in healthy and neoplastic parotid tissue samples. Three parotid tumor subtypes were examined: pleomorphic adenoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma and acinic cell carcinoma. We observed higher expression of peroxisomal matrix proteins in neoplastic samples with exceptional down regulation of certain enzymes; however, the degree of expression varied between tumor subtypes. Our findings confirm previous experimental results on other organ tissues and suggest peroxisomes as possible therapeutic targets or markers in all or certain subtypes of parotid neoplasms.
PMID:34360635 | PMC:PMC8345988 | DOI:10.3390/ijms22157872
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Dimensional study of prostate cancer using stereological tools
Fetched: August 7th, 2021, 5:00am GMT by Luis Santamaría
J Anat. 2021 Aug 5. doi: 10.1111/joa.13524. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
This study analyzes the dimensional changes of the glands from prostate cancer by applying stereology to estimate the variations in volume, length, surface, and cellular densities of tumor acini. Normal and tumor acini were visualized using immunohistochemistry for cytokeratin18. On immunostained sections, parameters related to the dimensions and cell population of prostate acini were measured. The immunohistochemical expression of proliferative cell nuclear antigen was also measured to correlate the quantitative changes estimated with the proliferative activity of the epithelium. The average cell volume in normal and tumor epithelium was estimated using the method of the nucleator. The relative size of the acini was similar in the carcinoma compared with the normal prostate. Within the acini, the fraction of acinar volume occupied by the epithelium was significantly higher in cancer than in the nontumor prostate. Conversely, the glandular lumen of the cancer acini is lower than in the normal acini. The significant increase of acinar length density in the carcinoma indicates that the glandular tree's growth in the carcinoma is higher and with more branches than in the case of nonneoplastic glands. The basal surface density is higher in the carcinoma than in the controls. The number of epithelial cells per unit length of acini was significantly decreased in the neoplastic glands. This "dilution" of the cell population along the cancer acinus can be explained by the significant increase in the tumor cell's mean cell volume.
PMID:34355401 | DOI:10.1111/joa.13524
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Prognostic factors and survival outcome of primary pulmonary acinar cell carcinoma
Fetched: August 4th, 2021, 5:00am GMT by Fan-Jie Meng
Thorac Cancer. 2021 Aug 1. doi: 10.1111/1759-7714.14086. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The objective of our study was to investigate the epidemiologic characteristics and prognostic factors in patients with pulmonary acinar cell carcinoma (PACC).
METHODS: PACC patients diagnosed between 1975 and 2016 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The trend in PACC incidence was assessed using joinpoint regression software. Overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to identify the independent prognostic factors for OS and DSS. Nomograms to predict survival possibilities were constructed based on the identified independent prognostic factors.
RESULTS: A total of 2918 patients were identified with PACC. The mean age was 65.2 ± 8.95 years with a female to male of 1.6:1. The incidence of PACC steadily increased by an annual percentage change (APC) of 3.2% (95% CI 2.1-4.4, p < 0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that age, gender, race, stage, grade, tumor size, number of positive lymph nodes, surgery, and chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors for survival. Nomograms specifically for PACC were constructed to predict 1- and 5-year OS and DSS possibility, respectively. The concordance index (C-index) and calibration plots showed the established nomograms had robust and accurate performance.
CONCLUSION: PACC was rare but the incidence has been steadily increasing over the past four decades. Survival has improved in recent years. Surgery or chemotherapy could provide better OS and DSS. The established nomograms specifically for PACC were robust and accurate in predicting 1- and 5-year OS and DSS.
PMID:34337871 | DOI:10.1111/1759-7714.14086
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Adult pancreatoblastoma: Current concepts in pathology
Fetched: August 4th, 2021, 5:00am GMT by Ayo O Omiyale
World J Gastroenterol. 2021 Jul 14;27(26):4172-4181. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i26.4172.
ABSTRACT
Adult pancreatoblastoma is an exceptionally rare malignant tumour of the pancreas that mimics other solid cellular neoplasms of the pancreas, which may pose diagnostic difficulties. Because of its rarity, little is known about its clinical and pathologic features. This article reviews the clinical and pathologic features of pancreatoblastoma in adults including differential diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up. Although pancreatoblastoma commonly occurs in childhood, there have now been more than 70 adult pancreatoblastomas described in the literature. There is a slight male predominance. There are no symptoms unique to pancreatoblastomas and adult patients are frequently symptomatic. The most common presenting symptom is abdominal pain. Grossly, the tumours are often large and well-circumscribed. Microscopically, pancreatoblastomas are composed of neoplastic cells with predominantly acinar differentiation and characteristic squamoid nests. These tumours are positive for trypsin, chymotrypsin, lipase, and BCL10. Loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 11p is the most common molecular alteration in pancreatoblastomas. Adult pancreatoblastomas are aggressive tumours with frequent local invasion, recurrence, and distant metastasis. Treatment consists of surgical resection. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy may have a role in the treatment of recurrent, residual, unresectable, and metastatic disease. It is important to distinguish pancreatoblastomas from morphological mimics such as acinar cell carcinomas, solid pseudopapillary neoplasms, and pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms.
PMID:34326617 | PMC:PMC8311526 | DOI:10.3748/wjg.v27.i26.4172